Chapter U1, Problem SIII1RQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Different processes must be described which might result in a change in atomic identity.

Concept introduction:

Atomic identity is controlled by number of protons. If somehow the number of protons is changed, atomic identity can be changed.

Answer to Problem SIII1RQ

Atomic identity can be changed by nuclear fusion and nuclear fission reactions.

Explanation of Solution

In an electron capture reaction, a new element is generated with 1 unit less atomic number.

The reaction is represented as follows:

${}_{13}A{l}^{26}{+}_{-1}{e}^0{\to }_{12}M{g}^{26}$

In beta decay a new element is generated with atomic number increased by 1 unit.

The reaction is represented as follows:

${}_6{C}^{14}{\to }_7{N}^{14}{+}_{-1}{e}^0$

In positron decay, a new element is generated with 1 unit less atomic number.

The reaction is represented as follows:

${}_{12}M{g}^{23}{\to }_{11}N{a}^{23}{+}_{+1}{e}^0$

Conclusion

Thus, electron capture, beta decay and positron emission are some type of reactions which results in the change in atomic identity of an atom.