Chapter U1.20, Problem 5E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge on each ion in ionic compound KBr needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are the chemical compounds which are composed of oppositely charged ions. The positive charge ion is called as cation whereas the negative charge ion is called as anion.

The overall charge on cation and anion should be balance in such a way that overall the sum of ions should be zero to make the neutral ionic compound.

Answer to Problem 5E

${\text{KBr = K}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ and Br}}^{\text{-}}$

Explanation of Solution

The charge on cation and anion should be balanced in such a way that it results the formation of neutral ionic compound.

The ionic compound KBr is composed of ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ and Br}}^{\text{-}}$ as K is an alkali metal and tends to form + 1 metal ion whereas Br is a halogen and tends to form -1 ion to get the octet configuration. The equal and opposite charges on cation and anion makes the neutral KBr molecule.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge on each ion in ionic compound CaO needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are the chemical compounds which are composed of oppositely charged ions. The positive charge ion is called as cation whereas the negative charge ion is called as anion.

The overall charge on cation and anion should be balance in such a way that overall the sum of ions should be zero to make the neutral ionic compound.

Answer to Problem 5E

${\text{CaO = Ca}}^{\text{+ 2}}{\text{ and O}}^{\text{-2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The charge on cation and anion should be balanced in such a way that it results the formation of neutral ionic compound.

The ionic compound CaO is composed of ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{+ 2}}{\text{ and O}}^{\text{-2}}$ as Ca is an alkaline earth metal and tends to form + 2 metal ion whereas Ohas 6 valence electrons and tends to form -2 ion to get the octet configuration. The equal and opposite charges on cation and anion makes the neutral CaO molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge on each ion in ionic compound Li₂O needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are the chemical compounds which are composed of oppositely charged ions. The positive charge ion is called as cation whereas the negative charge ion is called as anion.

The overall charge on cation and anion should be balance in such a way that overall the sum of ions should be zero to make the neutral ionic compound.

Answer to Problem 5E

${\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O = Li}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ and O}}^{\text{-2}}$

Explanation of Solution

The charge on cation and anion should be balanced in such a way that it results the formation of neutral ionic compound.

The ionic compound Li₂O is composed of ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ and O}}^{\text{-2}}$ as Li is an alkali metal and tends to form + 1 metal ion whereas O has 6 valence electrons and tends to form -2 ion to get the octet configuration. Two cations make total + 2 charge which will balance with -2 charge on O. The equal and opposite charges on cation and anion makes the neutral Li₂O molecule.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge on each ion in ionic compound CaCl₂ needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are the chemical compounds which are composed of oppositely charged ions. The positive charge ion is called as cation whereas the negative charge ion is called as anion.

The overall charge on cation and anion should be balance in such a way that overall the sum of ions should be zero to make the neutral ionic compound.

Answer to Problem 5E

${\mathrm{CaCl}}_2=C{a}^{+2}andC{l}^{-}$

Explanation of Solution

The charge on cation and anion should be balanced in such a way that it results the formation of neutral ionic compound.

The ionic compound CaCl₂ is composed of $C{a}^{+2}andC{l}^{-}$ as Ca is an alkaline earth metal and tends to form + 2 metal ion whereas Cl is a halogen with 7 valence electrons and tends to form -1 ion to get the octet configuration. The equal and opposite charge on cation and anion makes the neutral CaCl₂ molecule.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The charge on each ion in ionic compound AlCl₃ needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ionic compounds are the chemical compounds which are composed of oppositely charged ions. The positive charge ion is called as cation whereas the negative charge ion is called as anion.

The overall charge on cation and anion should be balance in such a way that overall the sum of ions should be zero to make the neutral ionic compound.

Answer to Problem 5E

${\text{AlCl}}_{\text{3}}{\text{ = Al}}^{\text{+ 3}}{\text{ and Cl}}^{\text{-}}$

Explanation of Solution

The charge on cation and anion should be balanced in such a way that it results the formation of neutral ionic compound.

The ionic compound AlCl₃ is composed of ${\text{ Al}}^{\text{+ 3}}{\text{ and Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ as Al is a metal with 3 valence electrons therefore to get octet configuration it forms Al³ + ion. Whereas Cl is a halogen with 7 valence electrons and tends to form -1 ion to get the octet configuration. The equal and opposite charge on cation and anion makes the neutral AlCl₃ molecule.