
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Total numbers of valence electrons of all the atoms needs to be determined in the compound Potassium bromide (KBr).
Concept introduction:
Valence electrons in a molecule, is the sum of all the outer most orbital electrons of each atom present in it. In the periodic table, depending upon the number of valence electrons, elements are placed in specific groups.

Answer to Problem 6E
8 valence electrons.
Explanation of Solution
Potassium bromide consists of potassium and bromine atom.
Electronic configuration of K atom is
Thus, the valence orbital is 4s and the number of valence electron is
Similarly, electronic configuration of Br atom is
Thus, the valence orbital is 4s and 4p and the number of valence electrons are 7.
Therefore, total number of valence electron in KBr molecule =
(b)
Interpretation:
Total number of valence electrons of all the atoms need to be determined in the compound Calcium Oxide (CaO).
Concept introduction:
Valence electrons in a molecule, is the sum of all the outer most orbital electrons of each atom present in it. In the periodic table, depending upon the number of valence electrons, elements are placed in specific groups.

Answer to Problem 6E
8 valence electrons.
Explanation of Solution
Electronic configuration of Ca atom is
Electronic configuration of O atom is
Therefore total number of valence electron in CaO molecule =
(c)
Interpretation:
Total numbers of valence electrons of all the atoms needs to be determined in the compound Lithium oxide (Li2O).
Concept introduction:
Valence electrons in a molecule, is the sum of all the outer most orbital electrons of each atom present in it. In the periodic table, depending upon the number of valence electrons, elements are placed in specific groups.

Answer to Problem 6E
8 valence electrons.
Explanation of Solution
Lithium oxide consists of Lithium and Oxygen atoms.
Electronic configuration of Li atom:
Electronic configuration of O atom:
Therefore, total number of valence electron in Li2O molecule
(d)
Interpretation:
Total numbers of valence electrons of all the atoms needs to be determined in the compound Calcium chloride (CaCl2).
Concept introduction:
Valence electrons in a molecule, is the sum of all the outer most orbital electrons of each atom present in it. In the periodic table, depending upon the number of valence electrons, elements are placed in specific groups.

Answer to Problem 6E
16 valence electrons.
Explanation of Solution
Calcium chloride is consists of Calcium and Chlorine atom.
Electronic configuration of Ca atom:
Electronic configuration of Cl atom:
Therefore, total number of valence electron in CaCl2 is
(e)
Interpretation:
Total numbers of valence electrons of all the atoms needs to be determined in the compound Aluminum chloride (AlCl3).
Concept introduction:
Valence electrons in a molecule, is the sum of all the outer most orbital electrons of each atom present in it. In the periodic table, depending upon the number of valence electrons, elements are placed in specific groups.

Answer to Problem 6E
24 valence electrons.
Explanation of Solution
Aluminum chloride is consists of Aluminum and chlorine atom.
Electronic configuration of Al atom:
Electronic configuration of Cl atom:
Therefore, total number of valence electron in AlCl3 is
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