Physical Chemistry2nd EditionBall, David W. (david Warren), BAER, Tomas Publisher: Wadsworth Cengage Learning,ISBN: 9781133958437
Physical Chemistry
Solutions for Physical Chemistry
Problem 1.1E:
A bomb calorimeter is a study metal vessel in which samples can be ignited and the amount of heat...Problem 1.8E:
A pot of cold water is heated on a stove, and when the water boils, a fresh egg is placed in the...Problem 1.9E:
hat difference is necessary for heat to flow between two systems? Can you think of an exception to...Problem 1.10E:
What is the value of FT for a sample of gas whose volume is 2.97 L and pressure is 0.0553 atm? What...Problem 1.11E:
What is the value of FP for a sample of gas whose temperature is -33.0 C and volume is 0.0250 L?...Problem 1.13E:
Hydrogen gas is used in weather balloon because it is less expensive than Helium. Assume that 5.57 g...Problem 1.15E:
A 2.0 L soda bottle is pressurized with 4.5 atm of CO2 at 298 K. If the temperature is increased to...Problem 1.16E:
The Mount Pinatubo volcano eruption in 1991 released an estimated 1.82 x 1013g of SO2 into the...Problem 1.18E:
Scottish physicist W. J. M. Rankine proposed an absolute temperature scale based on the Fahrenheit...Problem 1.21E:
Pressures of gases in mixtures are referred to as partial pressures and are additive. 1.00 L of He...Problem 1.22E:
Earths atmosphere is approximately 80 N2 and 20 O2. If the total atmospheric pressure at sea level...Problem 1.23E:
The atmospheric surface pressure on Venus is 90 bar and is composed of 96 carbon dioxide and...Problem 1.26E:
In the anaerobic oxidation of glucose by yeast, CO2 is produced: If 1.56 L of CO2 were produced at...Problem 1.27E:
What are the slopes of the following lines at the point x = 5? At x = 10? a y = 5x 7 b y = 3x2 5x ...Problem 1.28E:
For the following function, evaluate the derivatives in a-f below. F(w,x,y,z)=3xy2+w3z332yxy2z3w...Problem 1.38E:
Calculate the Boyle temperatures for carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen using the van der Waals...Problem 1.41E:
Table 1.4 show that the second virial coefficient B for He is negative at low temperature, seems to...Problem 1.45E:
Under what conditions would the van der Waals constant b be negative? Do you think there are any...Problem 1.46E:
By definition, the compressibility of an ideal gas is 1. By approximately what percentage does this...Problem 1.47E:
The second virial coefficient B and the third viral coefficient C for Ar are -0.021 L/mol and 0.0012...Problem 1.48E:
Use the approximation 1 x-1 1 x x2 to determine an expression for the virial coefficient C in...Problem 1.49E:
Why is nitrogen a good choice for the study of ideal gas behavior around room temperature?Problem 1.51E:
Numerically evaluate for one mole of methane acting as a van der Waals gas at a T = 298 K and V =...Problem 1.52E:
Under what conditions of volume does a van der Waals gas behave like an ideal gas? Use the van der...Problem 1.53E:
At high temperatures, one of the van der Waals constants can be ignored. Which one? Justify your...Problem 1.54E:
Under what conditions of temperature does a Redlich-Kwong gas behave like an ideal gas? Use the...Problem 1.55E:
The Berthelot equation of state for one mole of gas is p=RTV-b-aTV2 Where a and b are constants...Problem 1.57E:
Referring to exercises 1.6 and 1.7, does it matter if the pressure difference is caused by an ideal...Problem 1.59E:
Use Figure 1.11 to construct the cyclic rule equivalent of Does the answer make sense in light of...Problem 1.62E:
Calculate for one mole of an ideal gas at STP and SATP.Problem 1.64E:
Show that = T/p for an ideal gas.Problem 1.65E:
Determine an expression for V/T p, n in terms of and . Does the sign on the expression make sense...Problem 1.68E:
Perform a units analysis on the exponent of the barometric function and verify that the overall...Problem 1.69E:
Using the barometric formula, calculate the expected air pressure in Colorado Springs, Colorado,...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Gases And The Zeroth Law Of ThermodynamicsChapter 2 - The First Law Of ThermodynamicsChapter 3 - The Second And Third Laws Of ThermodynamicsChapter 4 - Gibbs Energy And Chemical PotentialChapter 5 - Introduction To Chemical EquilibriumChapter 6 - Equilibria In Single-component SystemsChapter 7 - Equilibria In Multiple-component SystemsChapter 8 - Electrochemistry And Ionic SolutionsChapter 9 - Pre-quantum MechanicsChapter 10 - Introduction To Quantum Mechanics
Chapter 11 - Quantum Mechanics: Model Systems And The Hydrogen AtomChapter 12 - Atoms And MoleculesChapter 13 - Introduction To Symmetry In Quantum MechanicsChapter 14 - Rotational And Vibrational SpectroscopyChapter 15 - Introduction To Electronic Spectroscopy And StructureChapter 16 - Introduction To Magnetic SpectroscopyChapter 17 - Statistical Thermodynamics: IntroductionChapter 18 - More Statistical ThermodynamicsChapter 19 - The Kinetic Theory Of GasesChapter 20 - KineticsChapter 21 - The Solid State: CrystalsChapter 22 - Surfaces
Book Details
With its easy-to-read approach and focus on core topics, PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY, 2e provides a concise, yet thorough examination of calculus-based physical chemistry. The Second Edition, designed as a learning tool for students who want to learn physical chemistry in a functional and relevant way, follows a traditional organization and now features an increased focus on thermochemistry, as well as new problems, new two-column examples, and a dynamic new four-color design. Written by a dedicated chemical educator and researcher, the text also includes a review of calculus applications as applied to physical chemistry.
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Physical Chemistry homework problems. See examples below:
Chapter 1, Problem 1.1EChapter 1, Problem 1.21EThe various properties of gases which can be observed with our oral senses, include pressure,...In many circumstances such as at low temperature and high pressures the gases deviate from the ideal...Chapter 1, Problem 1.38EThe ideal gas law considered the gas molecules a point particles which interact only with their...An ideal gas is denoted as the one in which there are no intermolecular attractive forces or...Chapter 1, Problem 1.51EThe non-ideal gas equation represented as; [p+an2/V2][V–nb]=nRT …(1) In the above equation, [p+...
Chapter 2, Problem 2.1EChapter 2, Problem 2.6EChapter 2, Problem 2.35EIn an adiabatic process, the change in work can be expressed in relationship with change in...Generally, the molar heat capacity of gaseous system is determined at constant volume and can be...Chapter 2, Problem 2.91EGiven, The vibrational partition function is given by Cv (vib) = 11- e-hϑkT Single vibrational...Chapter 3, Problem 3.1EChapter 3, Problem 3.24EChapter 3, Problem 3.32EChapter 3, Problem 3.34EChapter 3, Problem 3.35EChapter 3, Problem 3.56EFor the Carnot cycle, the first and the third step are reversible isothermal processes. On the other...Chapter 4, Problem 4.1EChapter 4, Problem 4.14EChapter 4, Problem 4.16EThe equation 4.18 is shown below. (∂U∂S)V=T Where, • U is the internal energy. • T is the...Chapter 4, Problem 4.36EThe number of moles of water is 1.00 mol. The molar volume is 18.02 cm3 which means that the volume...The Gibbs free energy of mixing of gases is shown below. ΔmixG=RT∑i=1no of gasesnilnxi …(1) Where, •...The formula to calculate Gibb’s free energy of mixing is shown below.- ΔmixG=nRT(xAlnxA+xBlnxB)…(1)...Chapter 5, Problem 5.1EThe given reaction is, 2NO(g)+O2(g)⇌2NO2(g) The expression for K for the given equilibrium is,...Chapter 5, Problem 5.27EThe equilibrium constant for the given reaction can be expressed as the product of the concentration...Chapter 5, Problem 5.35EChapter 5, Problem 5.51EThe equilibrium constant of the reaction is 4.33×10−2. The given balanced chemical reaction is,...Systems which contain only one component are known as one component systems. In an iceberg of pure...Chapter 6, Problem 6.11EChapter 6, Problem 6.25ESublimation is a process in which the substance in a solid state is directly converted into a vapor...Chapter 6, Problem 6.33EAt constant pressure and temperature, the equation is represented as shown below....The phase diagram of water shown in Figure 6.6 is shown below. Figure 1 In the given diagram, the...Chapter 6, Problem 6.70EThe example 7.1 has a system of two components that is ethanol and water. On addition of olive,...The mole fraction of the two components in vapor phase can be calculated by using variables y1 and...The 25.0 g of pentane (C5H12), 45.0 g of hexane (C6H14), and 55.0 g of cyclohexane (C6H12) are mixed...The mole fraction of CCl2F2 was found to be 4.17×10−5 at normal pressure. The mass of CCl2F2 is...Chapter 7, Problem 7.55EThe pressure at high altitudes is low and the water starts boiling below its normal boiling point....Chapter 7, Problem 7.72EThe equation 7.41 can be represented for the vaporization process as shown below....Given temperature 30.0°C and the composition of solution is 0.100 mol of NaCl and 0.900 mol of H2O....Chapter 7, Problem 7.86EChapter 8, Problem 8.1EChapter 8, Problem 8.10EThe given reaction is represented as, MnO2+O2→OH−+MnO4− From Table 8.2, the reduction half reaction...Reason for correct answer: (b) The given chemical equation (b) is represented as, Ca(s)+H+→Ca2++H2...Reason for correct answer: (b) The given chemical equation (b) is represented as, Fe+Ag+→Fe3++Ag...The given reaction is represented as, I2+I−→I3− From Table 8.2, the reduction half reaction of I3−...The given concentration cell is, Fe2+[react]→Fe2+[prod] For a concentration cell, standard electrode...Chapter 8, Problem 8.77EThe expression of force between unit charges of opposite sign in vacuum can be written as follows....Chapter 9, Problem 9.1EChapter 9, Problem 9.13EIt is given that temperature and wavelength is 1000 K and 500 nm respectively. To calculate slope of...Chapter 9, Problem 9.32EChapter 9, Problem 9.35EThe energy of single photon in joules is calculated by the formula, E=hν The formula can be written...The wavenumber in the hydrogen atom spectrum is calculated by the formula, υ¯=RH(1n22−1n12) Where, •...Chapter 10, Problem 10.1EChapter 10, Problem 10.26EFor the probability of the wavefunction the expression is as follows. ∫0∞(NΨ)(NΨ*)=P Where, • N is...The given wavefunction is Ψ=x2. Assume the normalization constant of the wavefunction as N. The...The given wavefunction is Ψ=x. The normalization constant of the given wavefunction is assumed to be...Chapter 10, Problem 10.71EThe formula to calculate energy for an electron confined to a three dimensional box is given below....The formula to calculate energy for 2-D box can be written as given below. E=h28m(nx2a2+ny2b2)...For particle in 3-D box, Ψ111 wavefunction is written as follows. Ψ111=8abcsinπxasinπybsinπzc The...The combined expression for orthogonality and normality of wave functions is given by the equation...Chapter 11, Problem 11.1EThe general wavefunction of harmonic oscillator is expressed as,...The wavefunction Ψ1 of a harmonic oscillator is expressed as, Ψ1=(απ)14⋅(12)12H1(α1/2x)⋅e−αx2/2 The...Chapter 11, Problem 11.40EExplanation: The general equation for the wavefunction in the 3-dimensional rotation is, Ψl,ml=12π...The moment of inertia for the electron in the spherical C60 molecule is 1.12×10−49 kg⋅m2 The energy...Chapter 11, Problem 11.58EChapter 11, Problem 11.67EChapter 11, Problem 11.73EFrom Table 11.4, the equations used to determine five 3d wavefunctions are given below....Chapter 12, Problem 12.1EChapter 12, Problem 12.15EChapter 12, Problem 12.24EChapter 12, Problem 12.44EThe expression for trial function can be written as given below. 〈Etrial〉=∫ϕ*H^ϕdτ∫ϕ*ϕdτ Substitute...The value of S12 is calculated as follows: S12=e−R/a0(1+Ra0+R23a02) …(1) Where, • a0 is a Bohr’s...The diatomic molecules shown in Figure 12.23 are Li2, Be2, B2, C2, N2, O2, F2 and Ne2. The number of...Chapter 13, Problem 13.1EThe structure of ammonia molecule is, Figure 1 The total coordinates in the given system is 3N,...The symmetry elements present in octahedral symmetry are, E, C3, C2, C4, C2', i, S4, S6, σh and σd....Chapter 13, Problem 13.59EThe formula to calculate the value of χC3 is, χC3=1+2cosθ …(1) Substitute the value of θ=120° in...The formula to calculate the value of χC2 is, χC2=1+2cosθ+2cos2θ+2cos3θ …(1) Substitute the value of...Chapter 13, Problem 13.71EThe structure of H2S is shown below. Figure 1 The geometry of hydrogen selenide is bent due to...The symmetry elements present in octahedral symmetry are, E, C3, C2, C4, C2', i, S4, S6, σh and σd....The rotational spectrum for a molecule is observed when the rotation of molecule changes the...Chapter 14, Problem 14.2EWater is an asymmetric top molecule. For asymmetric top molecule, Ia<Ib<Ic. The higher of the...The most populated rotational level is calculated by the formula as shown below. Jmax=(kT2B)12…(1)...Chapter 14, Problem 14.45EChapter 14, Problem 14.46EThe energy of a Morse oscillator is calculated by the formula shown below. E=hve(v+12)−hvexe(v+12)2...The structure of cubane is shown below. Figure 1 The point group of cubane is Oh. It is non-linear....The symmetry of CH4 molecule is tetrahedral. The character table for point group Td is shown below....It is assumed that the shape of xenon tetrafluoride is tetrahedral. The character table for point...The formula to energy of rotation (Erot) is given by the formula below. Erot=BJ(J+1)+(C−B)K2 …(1)...Chapter 15, Problem 15.1EChapter 15, Problem 15.4EThe selection rules are shown below. Δl=±1Δml=0,±1 Where, • l represents the azimuthal quantum...Chapter 15, Problem 15.9EThe value of orbital angular momentum (l) for a d electron is 2. The total number of z components of...The value of an azimuthal quantum number, l, for each d electron is 2. The possible term symbols for...Chapter 15, Problem 15.48EThe quantities that are expressed in terms of both magnitude, as well as direction, are known as...In case of 1S→1P transition, the splitting of 1S state does not take place because for this state,...The ΔE values experienced by the ground state (4F3/2) energy levels of V atom are calculated by the...The give ESR spectrum is shown below. Figure 1 The number of spins in the ESR spectrum is shown...The spin value of I(D) or I(2H) is 1. The number of H atom is 2. The spin value of I(N) is 1. The...The z component of nuclear spin is given by the formula shown below. Lz=mIℏ…(1) Where, • mI is the...Combination formula is the possible way of grouping of distinguishable objects into various...The given function ϕ can be expressed as, Φ=∑i=13Ciξi …(1) Where, • ξi represents the ith variable •...The given value of temperature is 1000 K. The standard temperature is 298 K. The given pressure is 1...Chapter 17, Problem 17.56EThe Stirling’s approximation for large value of N is, lnN!≈NlnN−N …(1) NlnN!NlnN−N...The given values of temperatures are 50 K, 100 K, 200 K, 300 K, 500 K and 1000 K. It is given that a...From Appendix 5, The nuclear spin of 12C atoms is 0. The degeneracy for nuclear state is given as,...The term symbol of a diatomic compound is represented as, 2S+1ΛΩ Where, • S represents the total...It is given that the diatomic oxygen has an antisymmetric ground electronic state. The oxygen nuclei...The expression for E is given below as,...Chapter 18, Problem 18.45EThe heat capacity at constant volume for nonlinear polyatomic molecule is given by the formula,...According to science, a postulate is a logical statement. It is assumed to be true without a proof....The root-mean-square speed is calculated by the formula, vrms=3RTM…(1) Where, • R is the universal...The distribution function gx is given by, gx=(m2πkT)1/2e−mvx2/2kT It is given that the value of...It is given that the O2 molecules at 300 K move between 10 m/s and 20 m/s. The average velocity is...The mean free path of collisions between gaseous atoms is given by the formula given below....The mean free path of collisions between gaseous atoms is given by the formula given below....It is given that the helium is at 1.00 atm, that is, standard pressure and 273 K. The molar mass of...The given temperature is 298 K. The molar mass of the helium gas is 4×10−3 kg/mol. The graph of G(v)...The given chemical reaction is represented as, aA+bB→cC+dD The rate of reaction is represented in...Chapter 20, Problem 20.22EIt is given that the thermal decomposition of mercuric oxide follows second order kinetics and the...Chapter 20, Problem 20.27EChapter 20, Problem 20.29EThe given reaction is shown below. A+B⇌C+D The given concentrations and rate are shown below....The given reaction is shown below. ethyl acetate+water→ethyl alcohol+acetic acid The given...The [B]t expression in equation 20.47 is given as follows: [B]t=k1⋅[A]0k2−k1⋅(e−k1t−e−k2t) Where, •...The reaction in Example 20.7 is shown below. 83210Bi→k1t1/2,1 84210Po→k2t1/2,2 82206Pb The...Chapter 20, Problem 20.57EThe given isomerization reaction is, hv+cis-retinal→trans-retinal It is given that the wavelength of...Ionic crystals are composed of cations and anions. The negatively and positively charged ions in the...Chapter 21, Problem 21.34EThe d spacing is calculated by formula as shown below. d=ah2+k2+l2 …(1) Where, • h, k, lare the...Consider a cube having a side of 1 unit. It contains three axis x, y and z that corresponds to...According to Coulomb’s law the potential energy of two oppositely charged particles that are r...The volume of a unit cell is given as, V=a×b×c×(1−cos2α−cos2β−cos2γ+2cosαcosβcosγ) …(1) Where, • a...The wavelength of the given X-ray is 1.5418 A∘. The given lattice parameter is 6.46 A∘. The value of...Chapter 22, Problem 22.1EThe work done to increase the surface area is calculated by the formula shown below. w=γ⋅ΔA …(1)...The Kelvin equation is given by an expression shown below. lnpvaporp°vapor=2γ⋅V¯r⋅RT Where, • pvapor...The structure of a face-centered cubic lattice is shown below. Figure 1 The plane of face-centered...The given temperature is 450 K. The given data of carbon monoxide coverage and pressure in torr is...
More Editions of This Book
Corresponding editions of this textbook are also available below:
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY-STUDENT SOLN.MAN.
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781285074788
Physical Chemistry
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781285969770
Student Solutions Manual for Ball's Physical Chemistry, 2nd
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9798214169019
EBK PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY
2nd Edition
ISBN: 8220100477560
Bundle: Physical Chemistry, 2nd + Student Solutions Manual
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781285257594
Physical Chemistry
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780534266585
Essential Math For Physical Chemistry
19th Edition
ISBN: 9781793172747
Fisicoquimica/ Physical Chemistry (spanish Edition)
1st Edition
ISBN: 9789706863287
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