
(a)
Interpretation:
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Concept introduction:
An electronic state of energy has its own vibrational states. The energy between the electronic states is large followed by vibrational states and then rotational states. During an electronic transition, electron from ground state moves straight to the excited state keeping the internuclear distance constant. This is known as the Franck-Condon principle.

Answer to Problem 14.32E
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Explanation of Solution
The most populated rotational level is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The rotational constant is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The reduced mass is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
Substitute the value of mass of lithium and hydrogen in equation (3).
Convert
Substitute the value of reduced mass, bond length, Planck’s constant in equation (2).
Substitute the value of rotational constant, Boltzmann’s constant and
Therefore, the most populated rotational level for a sample of
the most populated rotational level for a sample of
(b)
Interpretation:
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Concept introduction:
An electronic state of energy has its own vibrational states. The energy between the electronic states is large followed by vibrational states and then rotational states. During an electronic transition, electron from ground state moves straight to the excited state keeping the internuclear distance constant. This is known as the Franck-Condon principle.

Answer to Problem 14.32E
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Explanation of Solution
The most populated rotational level is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The rotational constant is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The reduced mass is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
Substitute the value of mass of lithium and hydrogen in equation (3).
Convert
Substitute the value of reduced mass, bond length, Planck’s constant in equation (2).
Substitute the value of rotational constant, Boltzmann’s constant and
Therefore, the most populated rotational level for a sample of
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
(c)
Interpretation:
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Concept introduction:
An electronic state of energy has its own vibrational states. The energy between the electronic states is large followed by vibrational states and then rotational states. During an electronic transition, electron from ground state moves straight to the excited state keeping the internuclear distance constant. This is known as the Franck-Condon principle.

Answer to Problem 14.32E
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
Explanation of Solution
The most populated rotational level is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The rotational constant is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
The reduced mass is calculated by the formula as shown below.
Where,
•
•
Substitute the value of mass of lithium and hydrogen in equation (3).
Convert
Substitute the value of reduced mass, bond length, Planck’s constant in equation (2).
Substitute the value of rotational constant, Boltzmann’s constant and
Therefore, the most populated rotational level for a sample of
The most populated rotational level for a sample of
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
- Can the target compound at right be efficiently synthesized in good yield from the unsubstituted benzene at left? ? starting material target If so, draw a synthesis below. If no synthesis using reagents ALEKS recognizes is possible, check the box under the drawing area. Be sure you follow the standard ALEKS rules for submitting syntheses. + More... Note for advanced students: you may assume that you are using a large excess of benzene as your starting material. C :0 T Add/Remove step Garrow_forwardThe following equations represent the formation of compound MX. What is the AH for the electron affinity of X (g)? X₂ (g) → 2X (g) M (s) → M (g) M (g) M (g) + e- AH = 60 kJ/mol AH = 22 kJ/mol X (g) + e-X (g) M* (g) +X (g) → MX (s) AH = 118 kJ/mol AH = ? AH = -190 kJ/mol AH = -100 kJ/mol a) -80 kJ b) -30 kJ c) -20 kJ d) 20 kJ e) 156 kJarrow_forwardA covalent bond is the result of the a) b) c) d) e) overlap of two half-filled s orbitals overlap of a half-filled s orbital and a half-filled p orbital overlap of two half-filled p orbitals along their axes parallel overlap of two half-filled parallel p orbitals all of the abovearrow_forward
- Can the target compound at right be efficiently synthesized in good yield from the unsubstituted benzene at left? starting material target If so, draw a synthesis below. If no synthesis using reagents ALEKS recognizes is possible, check the box under the drawing area. Be sure you follow the standard ALEKS rules for submitting syntheses. + More... Note for advanced students: you may assume that you are using a large excess of benzene as your starting material. C T Add/Remove step X ноarrow_forwardWhich one of the following atoms should have the largest electron affinity? a) b) c) d) 으으 e) 1s² 2s² 2p6 3s¹ 1s² 2s² 2p5 1s² 2s² 2p 3s² 3p² 1s² 2s 2p 3s² 3p6 4s2 3ds 1s² 2s² 2p6arrow_forwardAll of the following are allowed energy levels except _. a) 3f b) 1s c) 3d d) 5p e) 6sarrow_forward
- A student wants to make the following product in good yield from a single transformation step, starting from benzene. Add any organic reagents the student is missing on the left-hand side of the arrow, and any addition reagents that are necessary above or below the arrow. If this product can't be made in good yield with a single transformation step, check the box below the drawing area. Note for advanced students: you may assume that an excess of benzene is used as part of the reaction conditions. : ☐ + I X This product can't be made in a single transformation step.arrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction:arrow_forwardCalculate the density of 21.12 g of an object that displaces 0.0250 L of water.arrow_forward
- Draw the expected reactant R28. Cu(II) CO₂Mearrow_forwardPpplllleeeaaasssseeee helllppp wiithhh thisss Organic chemistryyyyyy I talked like this because AI is very annoyingarrow_forwardName the family to which each organic compound belongs. The first answer has been filled in for you. compound CH₂ || CH3-C-NH2 0 ။ CH3-C-CH₂ CH=O–CH=CH, CH₂ HO CH2-CH2-CH-CH3 family amine Darrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,
