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(a)
Interpretation:
The expected
Concept introduction:
Generally, the movement of atoms and molecules is denoted in terms of the degree of freedom they have. It is defined as the number of independent parameters required to describe the state of the molecule completely. Thus, the motion of a molecule is given as 1) translation 2) rotational 3) vibration and they can be expressed in terms of degrees of freedom.
(b)
Interpretation:
The expected
Concept introduction:
Generally, the movement of atoms and molecules is denoted in terms of the degree of freedom they have. It is defined as the number of independent parameters required to describe the state of the molecule completely. Thus, the motion of a molecule is given as 1) translation 2) rotational 3) vibration and they can be expressed in terms of degrees of freedom.
(c)
Interpretation:
The expected
Concept introduction:
Generally, the movement of atoms and molecules is denoted in terms of the degree of freedom they have. It is defined as the number of independent parameters required to describe the state of the molecule completely. Thus, the motion of a molecule is given as 1) translation 2) rotational 3) vibration and they can be expressed in terms of degrees of freedom.
(d)
Interpretation:
The expected
Concept introduction:
Generally, the movement of atoms and molecules is denoted in terms of the degree of freedom they have. It is defined as the number of independent parameters required to describe the state of the molecule completely. Thus, the motion of a molecule is given as 1) translation 2) rotational 3) vibration and they can be expressed in terms of degrees of freedom.
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Chapter 1 Solutions
Physical Chemistry
- One of the chemical controversies of the nineteenth century concerned the element beryllium (Be). Berzelius originally claimed that beryllium was a trivalent element (forming Be3+ ions) and that it gave an oxide with the formula Be2O3. This resulted in a calculated atomic mass of 13.5 for beryllium. In formulating his periodic table, Mendeleev proposed that beryllium was divalent (forming Be2+ ions) and that it gave an oxide with the formula Be2O3. This assumption gives an atomic mass of 9.0. In 1894, A. Combes (Comptes Rendus 1894, p. 1221) reacted beryllium with the anion C5H7O2and measured the density of the gaseous product. Combess data for two different experiments are as follows: I II Mass 0.2022 g 0.2224 g Volume 22.6 cm3 26.0 cm3 Temperature 13C 17C Pressure 765.2 mm Hg 764.6 mm If beryllium is a divalent metal, the molecular formula of the product will be Be(C5H7O2)2; if it is trivalent, the formula will be Be(C5H7O2)3. Show how Combess data help to confirm that beryllium is a divalent metal.arrow_forwardWhy is nitrogen a good choice for the study of ideal gas behavior around room temperature?arrow_forward(a) Using the Lennard-Jones parameters, determine the van der Waals radius for xenon. (ɛ and o for xenon are 1.77 kJ•mol-1 and 4.10 Å, respectively.) 4.0 (b) Use this radius to determine the fraction of the volume occupied by 1.22 mol of xenon at 25°C and 1.00 atm. 4.0 Supporting Materialsarrow_forward
- (Q31) Given that a sample of krypton gas effuses in 22.7 minutes, how long (in minutes) will it take an equal volume of oxygen gas in the same apparatus at the same temperature and pressure to effuse? (Report to one decimal place)arrow_forward6. For O2 at 25 °C, CONSTRUCT a plot of the probability density of molecular speeds VS speed.arrow_forward1.3 mole of helium gas at a temperature of 276 K is confined to a cubical container whose sides are 12 cm long.Find the mean summed kinetic energy of ALL the atoms in the container in [J].arrow_forward
- Describe what happens to the average kinetic energy of ideal gas molecules when the conditions are changed as follows:(a) The pressure of the gas is increased by reducing the volume at constant temperature.(b) The pressure of the gas is increased by increasing the temperature at constant volume.(c) The average velocity of the molecules is increased by a factor of 2.arrow_forwardCO2 molecules having a speed lies between 250 and 300 ms-' at 200 K. Using the Maxwell distribution of speeds to calculate (i) b) the probability density (ii) the fraction of CO2 molecules (iv) the number of molecules whose speeds lies in the range of 250 and 300 ms-1 for 55.00 g of CO2 at a similar temperature.arrow_forwardCalculate the mean speed and the root mean square speed for the following set of molecules: 10 molecules moving at 1.5 x 10 ms"l; 20 molecules moving at 5 x 102 ms', and 8 molecules moving at 20 x 10² ms"!.arrow_forward
- 1.3 (a) To what temperature must a 1.0 L sample of a perfect gas be cooled from 25 °C in order to reduce its volume to 100 cm³?arrow_forward13) HgO (s) –→Hg (1) + O, (g)arrow_forward3. Balloons are filled with equal volumes of different gases and are allowed to sit at room temperature. The balloon filled with which gas will last the longest (deflate the slowest)? (a) HCl (b) Ne (c) Xe (d) Ar (e) they will deflate at the same rate 4.If gas A has a MW of 20 and gas B has a MW of 80 which of the following is true. (a) A will diffuse four times as fast as B (b) A will diffuse twice as fast as B (c) B will diffuse four times as fast as A (d) B will diffuse twice as fast as A (e) since diffusion rates depend only on temperature, they will diffuse at the same rate lon woight (c)arrow_forward
- Physical ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781133958437Author:Ball, David W. (david Warren), BAER, TomasPublisher:Wadsworth Cengage Learning,Chemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning
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