Chapter U2.11, Problem 4E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Comprehend the molecules with same shape in the below listed molecules:

  ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{, CO}}_{\text{2 }}{\text{and H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}$

Concept Introduction: The Lewis structure of an organic compound represents the bonding of atoms with lone pairs (if any). It indicates the bonds with atoms and also arrangement of atoms in molecule.

Hybridization of any atom indicates the molecular geometry of molecule. The formula to check the hybridization can be written as:

Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pair

The molecular geometry of molecules with lone pair on central atom is given by VSEPR theory.

Answer to Problem 4E

  ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}{\text{and CO}}_{\text{2 }}$ have linear shape.

  

Explanation of Solution

For Lewis structure of ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2 }}$ molecule, calculate total number of valence electrons:

  ${\text{CO}}_{\text{2 }}$ molecule = 4 electrons in C + 6 x 2 valence electrons in O = 16 electrons

  

For Lewis structure of H₂O molecule, calculate total number of valence electrons:

H₂O molecule = 6 electrons in O+ 1 x 2 valence electrons in H = 8 electrons

  

For Lewis structure of Cl₂ molecule, calculate total number of valence electrons:

Cl₂ molecule = 7 electrons in Cl x 2 = 14 electrons

  

Conclusion