
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation :
Structural formula of HCl must be drawn along with partial positive charge and partial negative charge on each atom. Whether HCl is polar or not must also be explained.
Concept Introduction :
Structural formula of a molecule represents the arrangement of atoms.
A molecule is polar if the resultant of all bond moments is non-zero.
A bond with two atoms having different electronegativity exists as a dipole.
(a)

Answer to Problem SIII3RE
Structural formula of HCl is drawn below.
Explanation of Solution
Cl is more electronegative as compared to hydrogen atom. Thus there is partial positive and partial negative charge on H and Cl atom respectively. The bond moment of HCl is not cancelled due to linear shape of the molecule and thus the molecule is polar.
b)
Interpretation :
Structural formula of CH4 must be drawn along with partial positive charge and partial negative charge on each atom. Whether CH4 is polar or not must also be explained.
Concept Introduction :
Structural formula of a molecule represents the arrangement of atoms.
A molecule is polar if the resultant of all bond moments is non-zero.
A bond with two atoms having different electronegativity will have bond moment.
b)

Answer to Problem SIII3RE
Structural formula of CH4 is drawn below.
Explanation of Solution
C is more electronegative as compared to hydrogen atom. Thus there is partial positive and partial negative charge on H and C atom respectively. The four bond moments of CH4 are cancelled due to tetrahedral shape of CH4 methane and thus the molecule is non-polar.
c)
Interpretation :
Structural formula of H2O must be drawn along with partial positive charge and partial negative charge on each atom. Whether H2O is polar or not must also be explained.
Concept Introduction :
Structural formula of a molecule represents the arrangement of atoms.
A molecule is polar if the resultant of all bond moments is non-zero.
A bond with two atoms having different electronegativity will have bond moment.
c)

Answer to Problem SIII3RE
Structural formula of H2O is drawn below.
Explanation of Solution
O is more electronegative as compared to hydrogen atom. Thus there is partial positive and partial negative charge on H and O atom respectively. The two bond moments of H2O are not cancelled due to angular shape of H2O molecule and thus the molecule is polar.
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