Chapter U2.3, Problem 1TAI

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

All the rules for drawing structural formula must be explained.

Concept introduction:

HONC 1234 is the basic rule for drawing the structures of organic molecules containing C, H, N and O atoms. While drawing structures of molecules none of the participating atoms should get more electrons than the capacity of the atom.

Answer to Problem 1TAI

One simple rule for drawing structural formula is HONC 1234 rule.

HONC 1234 rule states that H, O, N and C generally form 1, 2, 3 and 4 bonds respectively.

Explanation of Solution

The structure formulas can be represented in the condensed form and bond line form. In condensed structural formulas all the bonds to each carbon are omitted but other groups are shown with subscript number.

In bond line structure symbol of carbon and hydrogen atoms are omitted.

HONC 1234 rule considers the valency of C, H, N and O atom. As the valency of C, H, N and O are 4, 1, 3 and 2 respectively so it is expected that C, H, N and O will form 4, 1, 3 and 2 bonds respectively.

While drawing structures of the compounds the total number of valence electrons are distributed among atoms so that all the atoms have complete octet.