Chapter U2.5, Problem 3E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation : Three nonmetal elements that combine with only fluorine atom to satisfy the octet rule are to be listed.

Concept Introduction :

When covalent bond is formed between two atoms they share their valence electrons such that both the atoms have complete octet. That means they have a tendency to bond until they have eight valence electrons. This tendency to have eight valence electrons is known as the octet rule.

Answer to Problem 3E

Three nonmetal elements that combine with only fluorine atom to satisfy the octet rule are hydrogen, chlorine and fluorine.

Explanation of Solution

Given information:

Fluorine atom can combine with nonmetals.

Three non-metal elements that combine with only fluorine atom to satisfy the octet rule are:

Hydrogen- Hydrogen has one valence electron and fluorine has 7 valence electrons. To complete the octet arrangement fluorine bonds with 1 hydrogen atom. Both the atoms share one electron each and form a single covalent bond between them. Hydrogen now has 2 shared electrons resembling helium and fluorine has 8 valence electrons resembling neon.

H-F

Chlorine- Fluorine can combine with another halogen like chlorine atom forming chlorine fluoride. Both will have one shared pair of electrons to form a covalent bond and complete the octet arrangement.

Cl-F

Fluorine- Fluorine can combine with another fluorine atom forming F₂. Each fluorine atom will share one electron to form a covalent bond and complete the octet arrangement.

F-F

Conclusion

Elements of the same group on a periodic table bond in the same way. After the atoms are bonded they resemble the atoms of noble gas in their electron configuration. A noble gas has a very stable electron arrangement.