Chapter U2.10, Problem 3E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The way to determine the three dimensional structure of a small molecule needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Three dimensional structure of a small molecule depends on total number of valence electrons on the central atom.

Answer to Problem 3E

Total number of electrons pairs on central atom must be known to predict the three dimensional structure of a small molecule. The number of bond pairs and lone pairs of electrons present in them should be known.

Explanation of Solution

The geometry and shape of a molecule can be determined by counting the valence electron pairs of the central atom. If all the electron pairs are bond pairs then the molecule has regular geometry without any distortion. Presence of lone pairs change the geometry of the molecule due to repulsion among electron pairs and new shape is adopted by the molecule.

Conclusion

To know the three dimensional structure of a small molecule, the different type of valence electron pairs (bond pairs and lone pairs) of the central atom must be known.