Chemistry: Principles and Reactions8th EditionWilliam L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley Publisher: Cengage LearningISBN: 9781305079373
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Solutions for Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Problem 2QAP:
A 6.00-ft cylinder has a radius of 26 in. It contains 189 lb of helium at 25C. Express the volume of...Problem 5QAP:
A cylinder with a movable piston records a volume of 12.6 L when 3.0 mol of oxygen is added. The gas...Problem 6QAP:
A tank is filled with gas to a pressure of 875 mm Hg at 25C. The gas is transferred without loss to...Problem 7QAP:
A sample of CO2 gas at 22C and 1.00 atm has a volume of 2.00 L. Determine the ratio of the original...Problem 8QAP:
A sample of nitrogen gas has a pressure of 1.22 atm. If the amount of gas and the temperature are...Problem 10QAP:
A tire is inflated to a gauge pressure of 28.0 psi at 71F. Gauge pressure is the pressure above...Problem 12QAP:
A sealed tank at room temperature, 25C, has 22.0 g of CO2. The gas has a pressure of 732 mm Hg. The...Problem 13QAP:
A balloon filled with helium hasa volume of 1.28103 L at sea level where the pressure is 0.998 atm...Problem 17QAP:
A piece of dry ice (CO2(s)) has a mass of 22.50 g. It is dropped into an evacuated 22.50-L flask....Problem 18QAP:
A four-liter tank is filled with propane gas, C3H8. The mass of the tank filled with gas is 1236 g....Problem 21QAP:
Calculate the densities (in g/L) of the following gases at 78F and 13.6 psi. (a) xenon (b) methane...Problem 22QAP:
Calculate the densities (in grams per liter) of the following gases at 97C and 755 mm Hg. (b) sulfur...Problem 23QAP:
Helium-filled balloons rise in the air because the density of helium is less than the density of...Problem 24QAP:
Space probes to Mars have shown that its atmosphere consists mostly of carbon dioxide. The average...Problem 25QAP:
Cyclopropane mixed in the proper ratio with oxygen can be used as an anesthetic. At 755 mm Hg and...Problem 26QAP:
Phosgene is a highly toxic gas made up of carbon, oxygen, and chlorine atoms. Its density at 1.05...Problem 27QAP:
The gas in the discharge cell of a laser contains (in mole percent) 11% CO2, 5.3% N2, and 84% He....Problem 28QAP:
Exhaled air contains 74.5% N2, 15.7% O2, 3.6% CO2, and 6.2% H2O (mole percent). (a) Calculate the...Problem 29QAP:
A 1.58-g sample of C2H3X3(g) has a volume of 297 mL at 769 mm Hg and 35C. Identify the element X.Problem 30QAP:
A 0.750-g sample of the gas PX3 is in a sealed 542-mL bulb at 26C and 1.00 atm pressure. Identify...Problem 31QAP:
Nitrogen oxide is a pollutant commonly found in smokestack emissions. One way to remove it is to...Problem 32QAP:
Nitrogen trifluoride gas reacts with steam to produce the gases HF, NO, and NO2. (a) Write a...Problem 33QAP:
Dichlorine oxide is used as bactericide to purify water. It is produced by the chlorination of...Problem 34QAP:
Titanium(III) chloride is used in the manufacture of polyethylene. It is produced by the reaction...Problem 36QAP:
Potassium peroxide is used to absorb the CO2 produced by the people in a space vehicle....Problem 37QAP:
Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is a poisonous gas. It can be formed by the following reaction:...Problem 38QAP:
When hydrogen peroxide decomposes, oxygen is produced: 2H2O2(aq)2H2O+O2(g)What volume of oxygen gas...Problem 39QAP:
Ammonium nitrate can be used as an effective explosive because it decomposes into a large number of...Problem 40QAP:
Acetone peroxide, C9H18O6(s), is a powerful but highly unstable explosive that does not contain...Problem 42QAP:
A certain laser uses a gas mixture consisting of 9.00 g HCI, 2.00 g H2, and 165.0 g of Ne. What...Problem 43QAP:
A sample of a smoke stack emission was collected into a 1.25-L tank at 752 mm Hg and analyzed. The...Problem 49QAP:
When acetylene, C2H2, is burned in oxygen, carbon dioxide and steam are formed. A sample of...Problem 50QAP:
When ammonium nitrate decomposes at 722C, nitrogen, oxygen, and steam are produced. A 25.0-g sample...Problem 52QAP:
Nitrogen gas can be obtained by decomposing ammonium nitrate at high temperatures. The nitrogen gas...Problem 57QAP:
A gas effuses 1.55 times faster than propane (C3H8) at the same temperature and pressure. (a) Is the...Problem 58QAP:
A gas effuses through an opening one-fifth as fast as helium gas effuses through the same opening....Problem 61QAP:
At what temperature will a molecule of uranium hexafluoride, the densest gas known, have the same...Problem 62QAP:
Calculate the average speed of a (a) chlorine molecule at -32C. (b) UF6 molecule at room temperature...Problem 70QAP:
Given that 1.00 mol of neon and 1.00 mol of hydrogen chloride gas are in separate containers at the...Problem 71QAP:
An intermediate reaction used in the production of nitrogen-containing fertilizers is that between...Problem 74QAP:
Glycine is an amino acid made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms. Combustion of a...Problem 76QAP:
The Lamborghini Aventador engine has a 12-cylinder engine in which each cylinder has a volume of 542...Problem 84QAP:
The graph below shows the distribution of molecular speeds for helium and carbon dioxide at the same...Problem 85QAP:
Consider the following sketch. Each square in bulb A represents a mole of atoms X. Each circle in...Problem 86QAP:
The following figure shows three 1.00-L bulbs connected by valves. Each bulb contains argon gas with...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Matter And MeasurementsChapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, And IonsChapter 3 - Mass Relations In Chemistry; StoichiometryChapter 4 - Reactions In Aqueous SolutionChapter 5 - GasesChapter 6 - Electronic Structure And The Periodic TableChapter 7 - Covalent BondingChapter 8 - ThermochemistryChapter 9 - Liquids And SolidsChapter 10 - Solutions
Chapter 11 - Rate Of ReactionChapter 12 - Gaseous Chemical EquilibriumChapter 13 - Acids And BasesChapter 14 - Equilibria In Acid-base SolutionsChapter 15 - Complex Ion And Precipitation EquilibriaChapter 16 - Spontaneity Of ReactionChapter 17 - ElectrochemistryChapter 18 - Nuclear ReactionsChapter 19 - Complex IonsChapter 20 - Chemistry Of The MetalsChapter 21 - Chemistry Of The NonmetalsChapter 22 - Organic ChemistryChapter 23 - Organic Polymers, Natural And Synthetic
Book Details
Discover all of the fundamental topics of general chemistry with this brief, reader-oriented book. Chemistry: Principles and Reactions, 8e, provides a clear, concise presentation based on the authors' more than 50 years of combined teaching experience. The book includes graded and concept-driven examples as well as examples that focus on molecular reasoning and understanding, as well as "Chemistry: Beyond the Classroom" essays that demonstrate the relevance of the concepts and highlight some of the most up-to-date uses of chemistry. A strong, enhanced art program helps readers visualize chemical concepts. Integrated end-of-chapter questions and Key Concepts correlate to OWLv2, the number 1 online homework and tutorial system for chemistry.
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Chemistry: Principles and Reactions homework problems. See examples below:
Chapter 1, Problem 1QAPChapter 1, Problem 27QAPChapter 1, Problem 28QAPChapter 2, Problem 1QAPChapter 2, Problem 27QAPChapter 2, Problem 28QAPChapter 2, Problem 36QAPChapter 2, Problem 37QAPChapter 2, Problem 38QAP
Given structural formula- In above structural formula, CH3 group is attached with acetic acid group...Methane is a member of Alkane family that has only 1 carbon atom and general formula for molecular...Chemical name of molecule = silicon disulfide In this chemical compound: Least electronegative atom...Potassium and strontium are metals. Potassium is present in group 1 known as alkali metal group in...Chapter 3, Problem 1QAPChapter 3, Problem 13QAPChapter 3, Problem 18QAPChapter 3, Problem 25QAPChapter 3, Problem 47QAPChapter 3, Problem 48QAPChapter 3, Problem 51QAPChapter 3, Problem 52QAPChapter 3, Problem 74QAPChapter 3, Problem 94QAPChapter 4, Problem 1QAPChapter 4, Problem 7QAPChapter 4, Problem 8QAPChapter 4, Problem 9QAPChapter 4, Problem 10QAPChapter 4, Problem 63QAPChapter 4, Problem 74QAPVolume of a gas in a container is equal to the volume of the container. Conversion factor for gallon...The force exerted by gas over a unit surface of area is called pressure of gas. The expression of...As per the given table we have to find the moles and grams of propane gas. First let us calculate...The gas 1 is taken as CO2 and gas 2 as H2 . For both the gases pressure, volume and temperatures are...Below is the expression of ideal gas equation: PV = nRT .......... (1) Here, volume i.e. V, pressure...The gas present in bulb A is N2 and bulb is NH3 . The moles of N2 and NH3 is 1 mol each. In both...Chapter 5, Problem 86QAPThe given tanks are as follows: Here, circles represent CH4 gas, square represents oxygen and...The pressure, volume and temperature of both tanks A and B is 1.38 atm, 750 ml or 0.750 L, and 25 0C...By burning sulfur with oxygen sulfur trioxide can be prepared 2S(s) + 3O2(g) → 2SO3(g) In the 5 g of...Chapter 6, Problem 1QAPChapter 6, Problem 27QAPChapter 6, Problem 28QAPChapter 6, Problem 39QAPChapter 6, Problem 40QAPChapter 6, Problem 42QAPChapter 6, Problem 49QAPChapter 6, Problem 50QAPChapter 6, Problem 67QAPCalculate the total number of valence electrons in molecule CCl4: Total number of valence electrons...Chapter 7, Problem 4QAPChapter 7, Problem 5QAPChapter 7, Problem 6QAPGiven Information: The molecule is Cl2. Here thetotal valence electrons are: 2×7(Cl)=14 and the...Given Information: The ion is BrO-. Here, the total valence electrons are: 7(Br)+6(O)+1(charge)=14....Chapter 7, Problem 17QAPChapter 7, Problem 18QAPChapter 8, Problem 1QAPChapter 8, Problem 5QAPChapter 8, Problem 6QAPChapter 8, Problem 16QAPChapter 8, Problem 35QAPChapter 8, Problem 43QAPChapter 8, Problem 44QAPChapter 8, Problem 72QAPChapter 8, Problem 76QAPChapter 8, Problem 87QAPGiven: P1 = 254 mm Hg T1 = 57 0C = (57+273) K = 330 K T2 = 35 0C = (35+273) K = 308 K and T2 = 45 0C...Chapter 9, Problem 3QAPGiven Information: The phase diagram of compound X is as follows: The triple point is defined as the...Chapter 9, Problem 18QAPNitrogen monoxide ( NO ) The number of valence electrons of both species. Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence...Chapter 9, Problem 61QAPGiven: The volume of one atom is 43πr3 and the volume of the cell is s3. The percentage of the total...Given: Volume = 10.0 L Mass of hydrogen gas = 0.400 g Mass of oxygen gas = 3.2 g Reaction:...Chapter 9, Problem 78QAPChapter 10, Problem 1QAPChapter 10, Problem 9QAPChapter 10, Problem 10QAPChapter 10, Problem 17QAPChapter 10, Problem 18QAPChapter 10, Problem 33QAPChapter 10, Problem 34QAPGiven, Temperature =22 °C Convert temperature from Celsius to Kelvin as follows: T=(22+273) K=295 K...Chapter 10, Problem 40QAPChapter 11, Problem 1QAPChapter 11, Problem 17QAPChapter 11, Problem 19QAPChapter 11, Problem 20QAPChapter 11, Problem 21QAPChapter 11, Problem 22QAPChapter 11, Problem 25QAPChapter 11, Problem 26QAPChapter 11, Problem 27QAPChapter 11, Problem 28QAPGiven Information: Here the chemical reaction is: 2NO(g) + O2(g) → 2NO2(g) Experiment No....Chapter 12, Problem 1QAPThe reaction of the system is as follows: 2A(g)+B(g)→3C(g) The given incomplete data is as follows:...Chapter 12, Problem 10QAPChapter 12, Problem 11QAPChapter 12, Problem 12QAPChapter 12, Problem 14QAPChapter 12, Problem 16QAPChapter 12, Problem 69QAPChapter 12, Problem 71QAPChapter 13, Problem 1QAPChapter 13, Problem 9QAPThe given species is Zn(H2O)3OH+. On reaction with water, it can act as an acid by donating hydrogen...The given species is (CH3)3N. On reaction with water, it can act as a base by accepting hydrogen ion...Chapter 13, Problem 51QAPChapter 13, Problem 52QAPChapter 13, Problem 59QAPChapter 13, Problem 61QAPChapter 13, Problem 62QAPChapter 13, Problem 67QAPChapter 13, Problem 74QAPChapter 13, Problem 98QAPChapter 14, Problem 1QAPChapter 14, Problem 6QAPChapter 14, Problem 9QAPChapter 14, Problem 10QAPChapter 14, Problem 32QAPChapter 14, Problem 34QAPChapter 14, Problem 36QAPChapter 14, Problem 50QAPChapter 14, Problem 74QAPChapter 15, Problem 1QAPChapter 15, Problem 32QAPChapter 15, Problem 34QAPChapter 15, Problem 55QAPThe equation of reaction of iron (II) sulfate with barium hydroxide is shown as follows:...Reason for correct option/s: b. The equation of Ag(NH3)2+ with strong acid is- Ag(NH3)2+(aq)+2H+(aq)...The equilibrium reaction of Mg(OH)2 is as follows: Mg(OH)2(s)⇌Mg2+(aq)+2OH−. The solubility product...Given the reaction is as follows: Zn(NH3)42+(aq)+4OH−(aq)⇌ Zn(OH)42−(aq)+4NH3(aq) For this reaction...Chapter 16, Problem 1QAPChapter 16, Problem 17QAPGiven process is: 4NH3 (g)+5O2(g)→4NO(g)+6H2O(g) The mathematical expression for the standard...Chapter 16, Problem 20QAPGiven process is: 2Cr (s)+3CO2(g)→Cr2O3(s)+3CO(g) The mathematical expression for the standard...Given process is: 2HNO3(l)+3H2S(g)→4H2O(l) + 2NO(g)+3S(s) The mathematical expression for the...Chapter 16, Problem 25QAPChapter 16, Problem 26QAPThe chemical equation corresponding to the reaction between iron ore and hydrogen is given as:...The given reaction is: MnO2(s) ⇌ Mn(s) + O2(g) For the above reaction, the ΔG0 value can be deduced...Given: ΔHf0(H2SO4) = -902.9 kJS0(H2SO4) = 17.14 J/K The dissociation of H2 SO4 can be expressed as...Chapter 17, Problem 1QAPChapter 17, Problem 5QAPChapter 17, Problem 6QAPSO2(g) + I2(aq)→SO3(g) + I-(aq) Determining the oxidation numbers: The oxidation number of I in I2...Chapter 17, Problem 8QAPChapter 17, Problem 9QAPChapter 17, Problem 37QAPChapter 17, Problem 39QAPChapter 17, Problem 73QAPChapter 17, Problem 74QAPChapter 17, Problem 100QAPChapter 18, Problem 1QAPThe reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...The reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...The reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...The reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...The reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...Chapter 18, Problem 19QAPThe reaction in which the change in atomic numbers, energy states and mass number of nuclei takes...Given information: Half-life of uranium = 7×108 years The given equation is:...In the given compound, [Fe(C2O4)2(NH3)Cl3-] Oxalate is denoted by the symbol ‘ox’ and its chemical...A ligand is an atom or a group of atoms or an anion having an unshared pair of electrons and thus it...A ligand is an atom or a group of atoms or an anion that has an unshared pair of electrons and thus...Cadmium is a 4d transition metal element and its atomic number is 48. Its electronic configuration...Chapter 19, Problem 41QAPIn case of transition metal cations, the electrons that are present beyond the noble gas are in...Chapter 20, Problem 1QAPChapter 20, Problem 23QAPChapter 20, Problem 24QAPChapter 20, Problem 39QAPGiven Information: (1) A solution of potassium dichromate is made basic with sodium hydroxide. The...The compound has three elements and anion is periodate ion that is, IO4− because in naming of acid...The reaction of sulphate ion (SO42−) to form sulfur dioxide is as follows: SO42−(aq)⇌SO2(g) Balance...Iodine is oxidized to iodate. I2(s)⇌IO3−(aq) Balance the above reaction. Balance all atoms except...Chapter 21, Problem 18QAPAt 25°C, reaction of bromine is: Br2(I)+H2O ⇌ H+(aq)+Br−(aq)+HBrO(aq) Initial concentration: C 0 0 0...Chapter 21, Problem 53QAPChapter 21, Problem 61QAPBalance the reaction as follows: Consider oxidation and reduction reaction separately as given...Chapter 22, Problem 1QAPChapter 22, Problem 25QAPChapter 22, Problem 26QAPChapter 22, Problem 27QAPChapter 22, Problem 28QAPThe dissolved hydrochloric acid first dissociates into its ionic forms under the aqueous medium as...Chapter 22, Problem 60QAPTetrachloroethylene polymer consists of number of monomer unit of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene. The...If all the polymers contain the same number of monomer units, the molar mass of polymers can be...If all the polymers contain the same number of monomer units, the molar mass of polymers can be...Cellulose is a polyssaccharide which consists of several units of glucose joined through glycosidic...Chapter 23, Problem 29QAPThe given amino acid is alanine which has the following structure: The structures of the respective...
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