
Spontaneous Processes
Which of the following processes are spontaneous?
(a) building a sand castle
(b) outlining your chemistry notes
(c) wind scattering leaves in a pile

(a)
Interpretation:
Whether building a sand castle is spontaneous process or not should be determined.
Concept introduction:
The process which has natural tendency to take place, no external input is required is known as spontaneous process. It is also defined as the process which takes place own its own.
The process in which external input is required continuously is known as non-spontaneous process.
Answer to Problem 1QAP
Non-spontaneous
Explanation of Solution
The given process is building a sand castle.
In order to build a sand castle, continuous external source or intervention from outside is needed that is in the form of man power. Thus, the process is non-spontaneous.

(b)
Interpretation:
Whether outlining your chemistry notes is spontaneous process or not should be determined.
Concept introduction:
The process which has natural tendency to take place, no external input is required is known as spontaneous process. It is also defined as the process which takes place own its own.
The process in which external input is required continuously is known as non-spontaneous process.
Answer to Problem 1QAP
Non-spontaneous
Explanation of Solution
The given process is outlining your chemistry notes.
In order to outline the chemistry notes, external input is needed as notes can’t be outlined on its own. Thus, the process is non-spontaneous.

(c)
Interpretation:
Whether wind scattering leaves in pile is spontaneous process or not should be determined.
Concept introduction:
The process which has natural tendency to take place, no external input is required is known as spontaneous process. It is also defined as the process which takes place own its own.
The process in which external input is required continuously is known as non-spontaneous process.
Answer to Problem 1QAP
Spontaneous
Explanation of Solution
The given process is wind scattering leaves in pile.
Wind has ability to scatter the pile of leaves in every direction without any intervention from outside. Thus, the process is spontaneous.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
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