Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079373
Author: William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 1QAP

One chocolate chip used in making chocolate chip cookies has a mass of 0.324 g.

(a) How many chocolate chips are there in one mole of chocolate chips?

(b) If a cookie needs IS chocolate chips, how many cookies can one make with a billionth ( 1 × 10 9 ) of a mole of chocolate chips? (A billionth of a mole is scientifically known as a nanomole.)

Expert Solution
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Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The number of chocolate chips there in 1 mol of chocolate chips should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The number of moles of a substance is related to molar mass of the substance as follows:

n=mM

Here, m is mass and M is molar mass.

According to Avogadro’s law, in 1 mol of a substance there are 6.023×1023 units of that substance.

Also, density of a substance is related to mass and volume as follows:

d=mV

Here, m is mass and V is volume of the substance.

Answer to Problem 1QAP

6.023×1023

Explanation of Solution

According to Avogadro’s law, 1 mol of a substance contains 6.023×1023 units of that substance. Here, 6.023×1023 is known as Avogadro’s number and denoted by symbol NA.

Thus, according to Avogadro’s law, in 1 mol of chocolate chips there are 6.023×1023 chocolate chips.

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The number of cookies in a billionth mol of chocolate chips should be calculated.

Concept introduction:

The number of moles of a substance is related to molar mass of the substance as follows:

n=mM

Here, m is mass and M is molar mass.

According to Avogadro’s law, in 1 mol of a substance there are 6.023×1023 units of that substance.

Answer to Problem 1QAP

4.015×1013

Explanation of Solution

If making of 1 cookie needs 15 chocolate chips. The number of cookies that can be made from 1×109 mole of chocolate chips should be calculated.

Since, 1 mol of chocolate chips contain 6.023×1023 chocolate chips thus, number of chocolate chips in 1×109 moles can be calculated as follows:

n=(6.023×10231 mol)(1×109 mol)=6.023×1014

Now, 15 chocolate chips are used in making of 1 cookie and 1 chocolate chip is used in making 115 cookie. Thus, number of cookies made from 6.023×1014 chocolate chips will be:

N=6.023×1014(115)=4.015×1013

Therefore, number of cookies is 4.015×1013.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: Principles and Reactions

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