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Thermal energy storage systems commonly involve a packed bed of solid spheres, through which a hot gas flows if the system is being charged, or a cold gas if it is being discharged. In a charging process, heat transfer from the hot gas increases thermal energy stored within the colder spheres: during discharge, the stored energy decreases as heat is transferred from the warmer spheres to the cooler gas.
Consider a packed bed of 75-mm-diameter aluminum spheres
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to Heat Transfer
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- Determine the rate of heat transfer per meter length to a light oil flowing through a 2.5-cm-ID, 60-cm-long copper tube at a velocity of 0.03 m/s. The oil enters the tube at 16C, and the tube is heated by steam condensing on its outer surface at atmospheric pressure with a heat transfer coefficient of 11.3 kW/m K. The properties of the oil at various temperatures are listed in the following table: Temperature, T(C) 15 30 40 65 100 (kg/m3) 912 912 896 880 864 c(kJ/kgK) 1.80 1.84 1.925 2.0 2.135 k(W/mK) 0.133 0.133 0.131 0.129 0.128 (kg/ms) 0.089 0.0414 0.023 0.00786 0.0033 Pr 1204 573 338 122 55arrow_forwardIn a thermal power plant, a horizontal copper pipe of "D" diameter, "L" length and thickness 0.6 cm enters into the boiler that has the thermal conductivity as 0.33 W/mK. The boiler is maintained at 105C and temperature of the water that flows inside the pipe is at 28C. If the energy transfer (Q) is 118922 kJ in 6 hours. Determine the Heat transfer rate, Surface area of the pipe and Diameter & Length of the pipe, if D = 0.016 L. Change in Temperature (in K) = Heat Transfer Rate (in W) = Surface Area of the Pipe (m2) =arrow_forwardIn a thermal power plant, a vertical copper pipe of "D" diameter, "H" height and thickness 1 cm enters into the boiler that has the thermal conductivity as 0.35 W/mK. The boiler is maintained at 102C and temperature of the water that flows inside the pipe is at 25C. If the energy transfer (Q) is 119031 kJ in 7 hours. Determine the Heat transfer rate, Surface area of the pipe and Diameter & Height of the pipe, if H = 27 D.arrow_forward
- In a double-glazed window, the panes of glass are separated by 1.0 cm and the space is filled with a gas with thermal conductivity 24 mW K−1 m−1. What is the rate of transfer of heat by conduction from the warm room (28 °C) to the cold exterior (−15 °C) through a window of area 1.0 m2? You may assume that one pane of glass is at the same temperature as the inside and the other as the outside. What power of heater is required to make good the loss of heat?arrow_forwardA surface has an area of 46 m^3. It is 36mm thick and has a thermalconductivity of 0.95 W m^-1 K^-1. The temperature on one side of thesurface is 590 Celsius degrees and 98 Celsius degrees on the other. Calculate the rate of heattransfer by conduction through the surface.arrow_forwardDetermine the quantity (volume) of saline water in a steam generator. The heat energy of 1590 kJ is supplied to saline water in the steam generator to heat from 26°C to 118°C for the generation of water vapor, Take the density & specific heat of the solution as 1011 kg/m³ & 3.4 J/kg°K respectively. Solution: Change in Temperature (in K) Mass of the saltwater (in kg) Quantity (Volume) of saltwater (in m³)arrow_forward
- As shown in the figure below, a jacketed container is used to cool the process stream. Some information is given for this process;(i) The volume of liquid inside the tank, V and the volume of refrigerant in the jacket, VJ, are constant. The volumetric flow rate qF is constant. But qJ changes over time.(ii) the heat transfer coefficients through the jacketed container are negligible.(iii) the tank contents and jacket contents are well mixed and have significant heat capacitances.(iv) the thermal capacitances of the tank wall and jacket wall are negligible.(v) The overall heat transfer coefficient used for heat conduction between the tank liquid and the coolant varies with the coolant flow rate:U = K.qJ0,8Here, U (Btu / hr.ft2.0F), qJ (ft3 / hr), K (constant)Derive the dynamic model for this system. Perform a degree of freedom analysis. Do not forget to write down any additional assumptions!arrow_forwardA bare fuel rod has a diameter of 0.373 in and length of 12 ft. The volumetric heat generation rate for this rod is q′′′ = 10,000 kW/ft3. The heat produced by the rod is removed by water used as the coolant, at 2250 psia and 575 F. Find the heat transfer coefficient between the bare fuel rod and the coolant.The fuel rod surface temperature is 675 Farrow_forward3500J / s of energy is transferred from a heat source to the surface of the part. The heated region is circular and the heat density decreases as the radius increases. Find out whether the heat density is sufficient to melt the metal since 70% of the heat is concentrated in a circle with a diameter of 3.75 mm.arrow_forward
- Will definitely upvotearrow_forwardQ5Two large containers A and B of the same size are filled with different fluids. The fluids in containers A and B are maintainedat 0° C and 100° C, respectively. A small metal bar, whose initial temperature is 100° C, is lowered into container A. After1 minute the temperature of the bar is 90° C. After 2 minutes the bar is removed and instantly transferred to the othercontainer. After 1 minute in container B, the temperature of the bar rises 10°. How long, measured from the start of theentire process, will it take the bar to reach 99.9° C?arrow_forward• An aluminum pot contains water that is kept steadily boiling (100 °C). The bottom surface of the pot, which is 12 mm thick and 1.5x10t mm2 in area, is maintained at a temperature of 102°C by an electric heating unit. Find the rate at which heat is transferred through the bottom surface. Compare this with a copper based pot. Tc 0 0 L=12mm Base of pot TH A= area of basearrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
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