
(a)
Interpretation: The molecular formulas for citronellol and geraniol needs to be determined.
Concept Introduction: Chemical compounds with same molecular formula having different structure are known as isomers. Isomers having same number of atoms of each type but bonded together in a different sequence (spatial arrangement) are known as stereoisomers.
There are two kinds of stereo isomers- Geometrical and optical.
(a)

Explanation of Solution
The given structures are as follows:
From the above structures, molecular formula of the compounds can be determined as follows:
C10H21O −Citronellol
C10H18O- Gerniol
(b)
Interpretation: The two distinct smells of the molecule citronellol needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction: Chemical compounds with same molecular formula having different structure are known as isomers. Isomers having same number of atoms of each type but bonded together in a different sequence (spatial arrangement) are known as stereoisomers.
There are two kinds of stereo isomers- Geometrical and optical.
(b)

Explanation of Solution
The formula of citronellol is C10H21O. The structure is represented as follows:
There are two optical isomers which are non-superimposable mirror image of each other.
Isomer of Citronellol
Thus, the two different smells are due to two different optical isomers of citronellol.
(c)
Interpretation: The reason for only one smell of geraniol smell needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction: Chemical compounds with same molecular formula having different structure are known as isomers. Isomers having same number of atoms of each type but bonded together in a different sequence (spatial arrangement) are known as stereoisomers.
There are two kinds of stereo isomers- Geometrical and optical.
(c)

Explanation of Solution
The molecular formula of geraniol is C10H18O. The structure is represented as follows:
Geraniol
It can show geometrical isomerism. The E-isomer and Z-isomer are as follows:
Trans-Form Cis-Form
Due to absence of optical isomerism, there is only one smell of the molecule.
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