Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach9th EditionYunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles Publisher: McGraw-Hill EducationISBN: 9781259822674
Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Solutions for Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
Problem 2P:
What is total energy? Identify the different forms of energy that constitute the total energy.Problem 5P:
What is mechanical energy? How does it differ from thermal energy? What are the forms of mechanical...Problem 6P:
Portable electric heaters are commonly used to heat small rooms. Explain the energy transformation...Problem 7P:
Natural gas, which is mostly methane CH4, is a fuel and a major energy source. Can we say the same...Problem 8P:
Consider the falling of a rock off a cliff into seawater, and eventually settling at the bottom of...Problem 9P:
Electric power is to be generated by installing a hydraulic turbinegenerator at a site 120 m below...Problem 10P:
The specific kinetic energy of a moving mass is given by ke = V2/2, where V is the velocity of the...Problem 12P:
Calculate the total potential energy, in Btu, of an object that is 20 ft below a datum level at a...Problem 13P:
Determine the specific potential energy, in kJ/kg, of an object 50 m above a datum in a location...Problem 14P:
An object whose mass is 100 kg is located 20 m above a datum level in a location where standard...Problem 15P:
A water jet that leaves a nozzle at 60 m/s at a flow rate of 120 kg/s is to be used to generate...Problem 16P:
Consider a river flowing toward a lake at an average velocity of 3 m/s at a rate of 500 m3/s at a...Problem 17P:
At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at 10 m/s. Determine the mechanical energy of air...Problem 21P:
When is the energy crossing the boundaries of a closed system heat and when is it work?Problem 22P:
Consider an automobile traveling at a constant speed along a road. Determine the direction of the...Problem 23P:
A room is heated by an iron that is left plugged in. Is this a heat or work interaction? Take the...Problem 24P:
A room is heated as a result of solar radiation coming in through the windows. Is this a heat or...Problem 25P:
A gas in a pistoncylinder device is compressed, and as a result its temperature rises. Is this a...Problem 26P:
A small electrical motor produces 5 W of mechanical power. What is this power in (a) N, m, and s...Problem 27P:
A car is accelerated from rest to 85 km/h in 10 s. Would the energy transferred to the car be...Problem 28P:
A construction crane lifts a prestressed concrete beam weighing 3 short tons from the ground to the...Problem 29P:
Determine the torque applied to the shaft of a car that transmits 225 hp and rotates at a rate of...Problem 30P:
A spring whose spring constant is 200 lbf/in has an initial force of 100 lbf acting on it. Determine...Problem 31P:
How much work, in kJ, can a spring whose spring constant is 3 kN/cm produce after it has been...Problem 32P:
A ski lift has a one-way length of 1 km and a vertical rise of 200 m. The chairs are spaced 20 m...Problem 33P:
The engine of a 1500-kg automobile has a power rating of 75 kW. Determine the time required to...Problem 34P:
A damaged 1200-kg car is being towed by a truck. Neglecting the friction, air drag, and rolling...Problem 35P:
As a spherical ammonia vapor bubble rises in liquid ammonia, its diameter changes from 1 cm to 3 cm....Problem 36P:
A steel rod of 0.5 cm diameter and 10 m length is stretched 3 cm. Youngs modulus for this steel is...Problem 38P:
For a cycle, is the net work necessarily zero? For what kinds of systems will this be the case?Problem 39P:
On a hot summer day, a student turns his fan on when he leaves his room in the morning. When he...Problem 40P:
Water is being heated in a closed pan on top of a range while being stirred by a paddle wheel....Problem 41P:
An adiabatic closed system is accelerated from 0 m/s to 30 m/s. Determine the specific energy change...Problem 42P:
A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity of 8 m/s at a rate of 9 m3/s. Determine the...Problem 43P:
A vertical pistoncylinder device contains water and is being heated on top of a range. During the...Problem 44P:
At winter design conditions, a house is projected to lose heat at a rate of 60,000 Btu/h. The...Problem 45P:
A water pump increases the water pressure from 15 psia to 70 psia. Determine the power input...Problem 46P:
The lighting needs of a storage room are being met by six fluorescent light fixtures, each fixture...Problem 47P:
A university campus has 200 classrooms and 400 faculty offices. The classrooms are equipped with 12...Problem 48P:
Consider a room that is initially at the outdoor temperature of 20C. The room contains a 40-W...Problem 49P:
An escalator in a shopping center is designed to move 50 people, 75 kg each, at a constant speed of...Problem 50P:
Consider a 2100-kg car cruising at constant speed of 70 km/h. Now the car starts to pass another car...Problem 52P:
What is mechanical efficiency? What does a mechanical efficiency of 100 percent mean for a hydraulic...Problem 53P:
How is the combined pumpmotor efficiency of a pump and motor system defined? Can the combined...Problem 54P:
Can the combined turbinegenerator efficiency be greater than either the turbine efficiency or the...Problem 55P:
Consider a 2.4-kW hooded electric open burner in an area where the unit costs of electricity and...Problem 56P:
The steam requirements of a manufacturing facility are being met by a boiler whose rated heat input...Problem 57P:
Reconsider Prob. 256E. Using appropriate software, study the effects of the unit cost of energy, the...Problem 58P:
A 75-hp (shaft output) motor that has an efficiency of 91.0 percent is worn out and is replaced by a...Problem 60P:
An exercise room has six weight-lifting machines that have no motors and seven treadmills each...Problem 61P:
A room is cooled by circulating chilled water through a heat exchanger located in the room. The air...Problem 62P:
The water in a large lake is to be used to generate electricity by the installation of a hydraulic...Problem 63P:
A 7-hp (shaft) pump is used to raise water to an elevation of 15 m. If the mechanical efficiency of...Problem 64P:
A geothermal pump is used to pump brine whose density is 1050 kg/m3 at a rate of 0.3 m3/s from a...Problem 65P:
At a certain location, wind is blowing steadily at 7 m/s. Determine the mechanical energy of air per...Problem 66P:
Reconsider Prob. 265. Using appropriate software, investigate the effect of wind velocity and the...Problem 67P:
Water is pumped from a lower reservoir to a higher reservoir by a pump that provides 20 kW of shaft...Problem 68P:
An 80-percent-efficient pump with a power input of 20 hp is pumping water from a lake to a nearby...Problem 69P:
Water is pumped from a lake to a storage tank 15 m above at a rate of 70 L/s while consuming 15.4 kW...Problem 70P:
Large wind turbines with a power capacity of 8 MW and blade span diameters of over 160 m are...Problem 71P:
A hydraulic turbine has 85 m of elevation difference available at a flow rate of 0.25 m3/s, and its...Problem 72P:
The water behind Hoover Dam in Nevada is 206 m higher than the Colorado River below it. At what rate...Problem 73P:
An oil pump is drawing 44 kW of electric power while pumping oil with = 860 kg/m3 at a rate of 0.1...Problem 74P:
A wind turbine is rotating at 15 rpm under steady winds flowing through the turbine at a rate of...Problem 75P:
How does energy conversion affect the environment? What are the primary chemicals that pollute the...Problem 76P:
What is acid rain? Why is it called a rain? How do the acids form in the atmosphere? What are the...Problem 77P:
Why is carbon monoxide a dangerous air pollutant? How does it affect human health at low levels and...Problem 78P:
What is the greenhouse effect? How does the excess CO2 gas in the atmosphere cause the greenhouse...Problem 79P:
What is smog? What does it consist of? How does ground-level ozone form? What are the adverse...Problem 80P:
Consider a household that uses 14,000 kWh of electricity per year and 900 gal of fuel oil during a...Problem 81P:
When a hydrocarbon fuel is burned, almost all of the carbon in the fuel burns completely to form CO2...Problem 83P:
A typical car driven 20,000 km a year emits to the atmosphere about 11 kg per year of NOx (nitrogen...Problem 85P:
What are the mechanisms of heat transfer?Problem 86P:
Which is a better heat conductor, diamond or silver?Problem 91P:
The inner and outer surfaces of a 5-m 6-m brick wall of thickness 30 cm and thermal conductivity...Problem 92P:
The inner and outer surfaces of a 0.5-cm-thick 2-m 2-m window glass in winter are 15C and 6C,...Problem 93P:
Reconsider Prob. 292. Using appropriate software, investigate the effect of glass thickness on heat...Problem 98P:
For heat transfer purposes, a standing man can be modeled as a 30-cm-diameter, 175-cm-long vertical...Problem 101P:
A 1000-W iron is left on the ironing board with its base exposed to the air at 23C. The convection...Problem 102P:
A 7-cm-external-diameter, 18-m-long hot-water pipe at 80C is losing heat to the surrounding air at...Problem 103P:
A thin metal plate is insulated on the back and exposed to solar radiation on the front surface. The...Problem 104P:
Reconsider Prob. 2103. Using appropriate software, investigate the effect of the convection heat...Problem 105P:
The outer surface of a spacecraft in space has an emissivity of 0.6 and an absorptivity of 0.2 for...Problem 107P:
A hollow spherical iron container whose outer diameter is 40 cm and thickness is 0.4 cm is filled...Problem 108RP:
Some engineers have developed a device that provides lighting to rural areas with no access to grid...Problem 109RP:
Consider a classroom for 55 students and one instructor, each generating heat at a rate of 100 W....Problem 110RP:
Consider a homeowner who is replacing his 25-year-old natural gas furnace that has an efficiency of...Problem 112RP:
The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that 570,000 barrels of oil would be saved per day if every...Problem 113RP:
A typical household pays about 1200 a year on energy bills, and the U.S. Department of Energy...Problem 117RP:
Consider a TV set that consumes 120 W of electric power when it is on and is kept on for an average...Problem 118RP:
Water is pumped from a 200-ft-deep well into a 100-ft-high storage tank. Determine the power, in kW,...Problem 119RP:
Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a total mass of 800 kg when fully loaded and 150 kg...Problem 121RP:
In a hydroelectric power plant, 65 m3/s of water flows from an elevation of 90 m to a turbine, where...Problem 122RP:
The demand for electric power is usually much higher during the day than it is at night, and utility...Problem 123RP:
The pump of a water distribution system is powered by a 15-kW electric motor whose efficiency is 90...Problem 125FEP:
A 2-kW electric resistance heater in a room is turned on and kept on for 50 min. The amount of...Problem 127FEP:
A 75-hp compressor in a facility that operates at full load for 2500 h a year is powered by an...Problem 128FEP:
On a hot summer day, the air in a well-sealed room is circulated by a 0.50-hp fan driven by a 65...Problem 129FEP:
A fan is to accelerate quiescent air to a velocity of 9 m/s at a rate of 3 m3/s. If the density of...Problem 130FEP:
A 900-kg car cruising at a constant speed of 60 km/h is to accelerate to 100 km/h in 4 s. The...Problem 133FEP:
A 2-kW pump is used to pump kerosene ( = 0.820 kg/L) from a tank on the ground to a tank at a higher...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1.11 - Problem-solving TechniqueChapter 2.8 - Energy And EnvironmentChapter 3.8 - Other Equations Of StateChapter 4.5 - Internal Energy, Enthalpy, And Specific Heats Of Solids And LiquidsChapter 5.5 - Energy Analysis Of Unsteady-flow ProcessesChapter 6.11 - The Carnot Refrigerator And Heat PumpChapter 7.13 - Entropy BalanceChapter 8.8 - Exergy Balance : Control VolumesChapter 9.12 - Second-law Analysis Of Gas Power CyclesChapter 10.9 - Combined Gas-vapor Power Cycles
Chapter 11.10 - Absorption Refrigeration SystemsChapter 12.6 - The Dh, D.u, And D.s Of Real GasesChapter 13.3 - Properties Of Gas Mixtures: Ideal And Real GasesChapter 14.7 - Air-conditioning ProcessesChapter 15.7 - Second-law Analysis Of Reacting SystemsChapter 16.6 - Phase EquilibriumChapter 17.7 - Steam Nozzles
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach homework problems. See examples below:
Chapter 1.11, Problem 1PChapter 1.11, Problem 53PChapter 1.11, Problem 56PChapter 1.11, Problem 64PChapter 1.11, Problem 67PChapter 1.11, Problem 68PChapter 1.11, Problem 69PChapter 1.11, Problem 77PChapter 1.11, Problem 88RP
Chapter 1.11, Problem 94RPChapter 1.11, Problem 98RPChapter 1.11, Problem 101RPChapter 1.11, Problem 103RPChapter 2.8, Problem 1PChapter 2.8, Problem 32PChapter 2.8, Problem 34PChapter 2.8, Problem 47PChapter 2.8, Problem 49PChapter 2.8, Problem 50PChapter 2.8, Problem 56PChapter 2.8, Problem 69PChapter 2.8, Problem 73PCalculate the rate of heat transfer by convection. Q˙conv=hAΔT=h(πD2)(Ts−To) (I) Here, change in the...Chapter 2.8, Problem 101PChapter 2.8, Problem 119RPChapter 2.8, Problem 122RPConvert the absolute pressure of the air from mm Hg to kPa. P=(700 mm Hg)(0.1333 kPa1 mm Hg)=93.31...Chapter 3.8, Problem 1PChapter 3.8, Problem 30PChapter 3.8, Problem 42PChapter 3.8, Problem 63PChapter 3.8, Problem 84PChapter 3.8, Problem 86PChapter 3.8, Problem 89PDetermine the final temperature using the ideal gas equation. T2=(T1)×(v2v1) (I) Here, the initial...Chapter 3.8, Problem 95PChapter 3.8, Problem 96PChapter 3.8, Problem 97PChapter 3.8, Problem 109RPChapter 3.8, Problem 110RPRefer to Table A-1, obtain the gas constant, critical pressure, and critical temperature of steam....Chapter 4.5, Problem 1PChapter 4.5, Problem 20PChapter 4.5, Problem 29PChapter 4.5, Problem 40PChapter 4.5, Problem 41PChapter 4.5, Problem 44PChapter 4.5, Problem 54PChapter 4.5, Problem 55PChapter 4.5, Problem 62PChapter 4.5, Problem 81PChapter 4.5, Problem 120RPChapter 4.5, Problem 123RPChapter 4.5, Problem 134RPChapter 4.5, Problem 136RPWrite the expression for the energy balance equation. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here, the total energy...Chapter 4.5, Problem 142RPChapter 5.5, Problem 1PChapter 5.5, Problem 32PChapter 5.5, Problem 33PChapter 5.5, Problem 55PChapter 5.5, Problem 83PChapter 5.5, Problem 89PChapter 5.5, Problem 100PAt the final observation, the valve is closed and the tank composed with one-half water and vapor at...Write the equation of mass balance. min−me=Δmsystem (I) Here, the inlet mass is min, the exit mass...Chapter 5.5, Problem 128PChapter 5.5, Problem 173RPWrite the general mass balance equation. m˙in−m˙out=ddt(msystem)m˙in−m˙out=dmsystemdt (I) Here, the...Write the formula for mass of air (ma) at initial and final states. ma,1=(P1ν1RT1)a (I)...Chapter 5.5, Problem 178RPChapter 5.5, Problem 179RPChapter 5.5, Problem 183RPChapter 5.5, Problem 184RPChapter 5.5, Problem 185RPChapter 5.5, Problem 186RPChapter 5.5, Problem 188RPChapter 6.11, Problem 1PDetermine the construction costs of coal. Construction costcoal=[(the amount of elelctricity...Determine the construction costs of coal. Construction costcoal=[(the amount of elelctricity...Chapter 6.11, Problem 57PChapter 6.11, Problem 58PChapter 6.11, Problem 107PChapter 6.11, Problem 111PChapter 6.11, Problem 112PChapter 6.11, Problem 124PChapter 6.11, Problem 129RPChapter 6.11, Problem 130RPDetermine the COP of a reversible heat pump depends on the temperature limits in the cycle only....Determine the mass of the air in the truck. mair=ρair×νtruck=ρair×(l×b×h)truck (I) Here, the density...Determine the rate of water saved volume of the low-flow shower head a family of four will save per...Determine the density of air at the indoor conditions. ρo=PoRTo (I) Here, the house maintain a...Determine the density of air at the indoor conditions. ρo=PoRTo (I) Here, the house maintain a...Chapter 6.11, Problem 152RPChapter 7.13, Problem 1PChapter 7.13, Problem 43PWrite the expression for the energy balance equation. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here, the total energy...Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here,...Chapter 7.13, Problem 110PChapter 7.13, Problem 112PWrite the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here,...Chapter 7.13, Problem 140PWrite the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. E˙in−E˙out=ΔE˙system (I)....Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. E˙in−E˙out=ΔE˙system chicken...Chapter 7.13, Problem 154PWrite the expression to calculate the enthalpy change in process 1-2. ΔS1−2=−mRlnP2P1 (I) Here,...Chapter 7.13, Problem 174RPChapter 7.13, Problem 175RPChapter 7.13, Problem 180RPWrite the formula to calculate the specific entropy of steam from tables (s). s=sf+x(sfg) (I) Here,...Refer to Table A-2Ea, obtain the properties of air at room temperature. Gas constant, R=0.3704...Refer to Table A-2Ea, obtain the properties of air at room temperature. Gas constant, R=0.3704...Write the formula to calculate the specific volume of steam from tables (v). v=vf+x(vg−vf) (I) Here,...Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here,...Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system without air in the room....Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here,...Chapter 7.13, Problem 209RPWrite the expression for the energy balance equation for the closed system. ΔEin−ΔEout=ΔEsystem (I)...Chapter 8.8, Problem 1PChapter 8.8, Problem 29PChapter 8.8, Problem 33PChapter 8.8, Problem 48PExpress the final volume of the air. νa2=νa1−νw (I) Here, initial volume of air is νa1 and volume of...Draw the schematic diagram of the flow of refrigerant-134a through evaporator section as shown in...Chapter 8.8, Problem 73PWrite the expression for the initial mass (m1) of helium in the cylinder. m1=P1VRT1 (I) Here,...Write the expression to calculate the specific volume of saturated water (v). v=vf+x(vg−vf) (I)...Write the ideal gas equation to calculate the mass of the gas (m). m=P1V1RT1 (I) Here, initial...Write the ideal gas equation to calculate the mass of the gas (m). m=P1V1RT1 (I) Here, initial...Chapter 8.8, Problem 114RPChapter 8.8, Problem 115RPWrite the formula to calculate initial mass of air in the tank (mi). mi=PiVRTi (I) Here, initial...Chapter 9.12, Problem 1PChapter 9.12, Problem 126PDraw the T−s diagram for pure jet engine as shown in Figure (1). Consider that the aircraft is...Chapter 9.12, Problem 134PChapter 9.12, Problem 135PChapter 9.12, Problem 136PDraw the T−s diagram for turbojet engine as shown in Figure (1). Consider, the pressure is Pi , the...Draw the ideal dual cycle on P−v diagram. Consider, the pressure is Pi , the specific volume is vi,...Draw the T−s diagram of the regenerative Brayton cycle as shown in Figure (1). Write the expression...Chapter 9.12, Problem 148PDraw T−s diagram for regenerative Brayton cycle as shown in Figure (1). Write the expression of...Chapter 9.12, Problem 151PChapter 9.12, Problem 152PDraw the P−v diagram of four stroke as in Figure (I). Refer to Table A-2b, obtain the properties of...Draw P−v diagram for an Ideal diesel cycle as shown in Figure (1). Assuming constant specific heats...Draw the P−ν for an ideal Otto cycle as shown in Figure (1). Write the expression for compression...Determine the state 2 temperature in the polytropic compression process 1-2. T2=T1(v1v2)n−1 (I)...Chapter 9.12, Problem 173RPDraw the P−v and T−s diagram for the given cycle. Thus, the P−v and T−s diagrams for the given cycle...Chapter 10.9, Problem 1PChapter 10.9, Problem 52PChapter 10.9, Problem 53PChapter 10.9, Problem 62PChapter 10.9, Problem 69PChapter 10.9, Problem 82PChapter 10.9, Problem 85PChapter 10.9, Problem 86PChapter 10.9, Problem 98RPShow the T-s diagram as in Figure (1). Express Prandtl number at state 8s. Pr8s=P8sP7Pr7 (I) Here,...Chapter 10.9, Problem 110RPChapter 10.9, Problem 111RPChapter 11.10, Problem 1PChapter 11.10, Problem 21PChapter 11.10, Problem 22PShow the T-s diagram for ideal vapor-compression refrigeration cycle as in Figure (1). From Figure...Chapter 11.10, Problem 33PChapter 11.10, Problem 42PShow the T-s diagram for compression refrigeration cycle as in Figure (1). From Figure (1), write...Chapter 11.10, Problem 57PExpress the specific enthalpy at state 2 using Carnot efficiency. ηC=h2s−h1h2−h1 (I) Here, specific...Chapter 11.10, Problem 65PChapter 11.10, Problem 79PChapter 11.10, Problem 115RPShow the T-s diagram for refrigeration system as in Figure (1). From Figure (1), write the specific...Chapter 11.10, Problem 118RPChapter 12.6, Problem 1PChapter 12.6, Problem 42PChapter 12.6, Problem 72PChapter 12.6, Problem 73PWrite the general formula energy balance equation for closed system. E˙in−E˙out=ΔE˙system (I) Here,...Write formula for enthalpy departure factor (Zh). Zh=(hideal−h)T,PRTcr (I) Here, the enthalpy at...Write the energy rate balance equation for one inlet and one outlet system....Chapter 12.6, Problem 96RPRefer the table A-2 (c), “Ideal gas specific heats of various common gases”. The general empirical...Write formula for specific volume (v) in terms of compressibility factor (Z). v=ZRTP (I) Here, the...Chapter 12.6, Problem 101RPChapter 13.3, Problem 1PChapter 13.3, Problem 32PWrite the equation to calculate the mole number of oxygen and nitrogen gas using an ideal gas...Refer to Table A-1E, Obtain the molar masses of O2,N2, CO2, and CH4 as below: MO2=32.0...Chapter 13.3, Problem 56PRefer to Table A-1E, Obtain the molar masses of N2,O2, H2O, and CO2 as below: MN2=28.0...Chapter 13.3, Problem 72PWrite the entropy balance equation to obtain the expression of entropy generation in terms of H2 and...Chapter 13.3, Problem 93RPChapter 13.3, Problem 94RPWrite the expression to obtain the mole number of O2 (NO2). NO2=mO2MO2 (I) Here, molar mass of O2 is...Chapter 14.7, Problem 1PChapter 14.7, Problem 29PExpress initial partial pressure. Pν1=Pν2=ϕ1Pg1=ϕ1Psat@10°C (I) Here, partial pressure at state 2 is...Chapter 14.7, Problem 79PChapter 14.7, Problem 81PChapter 14.7, Problem 86PChapter 14.7, Problem 88PExpress the mass flow rate of dry air at state 1. m˙a1=V˙1v1 (I) Here, volume flow rate at state 1...As the process is a steady flow and thus the mass flow rate of dry air remains constant during the...As the process is a steady flow and thus the mass flow rate of dry air remains constant during the...Chapter 14.7, Problem 130RPChapter 14.7, Problem 132RPChapter 14.7, Problem 134RPAs the process is a steady flow and thus the mass flow rate of dry air remains constant during the...Chapter 15.7, Problem 1PExpress the total mass of the coal when the ash is substituted. mtotal=100−mash (I) Here, mass of...Express the total mass of the coal when the ash is substituted. mtotal=100−mash (I) Here, mass of...Express the number of moles of carbon. NC=mfCMC (I) Here, molar mass of carbon is MC and mole...Express the total mass of the coal when the ash is substituted. mtotal=100−mash (I) Here, mass of...Chapter 15.7, Problem 83PChapter 15.7, Problem 92PChapter 15.7, Problem 93PChapter 15.7, Problem 106RPChapter 15.7, Problem 112RPChapter 15.7, Problem 113RPChapter 15.7, Problem 114RPChapter 16.6, Problem 1PExpress the standard-state Gibbs function change....Express the standard-state Gibbs function change. ΔG*(T)=vH2Og¯*H2O(T)−vH2g¯*H2(T)−vO2g¯*O2(T) (I)...Express the standard-state Gibbs function change. ΔG*(T)=vCO2g¯*CO2(T)−vCOg¯*CO(T)−vO2g¯*O2(T) (I)...Express the standard-state Gibbs function change. ΔG*(T)=vCOg¯*CO(T)+vO2g¯*O2(T)−vCO2g¯*CO2(T) (I)...Chapter 16.6, Problem 32PWrite the expression for the volume of oxygen used per lbmol of carbon monoxide (vCO). vCO=RTP (I)...Write the stoichiometric equation for combustion of 1 kmol of liquid propane (C3H8)....Write the expression for the stoichiometric reaction for reaction 1. H2O⇌H2+12O2 … (I) Here, the...Chapter 16.6, Problem 93RPWrite the energy balance equation for the reported process. Ein−Eout=ΔEsystem (I) Here, input energy...Determine the stagnation temperature of ideal gas. T0=T+V22cp (I) Here, the static temperature of...Chapter 17.7, Problem 80PWrite the expression for the velocity of sound after the normal shock. c2=kRT2 (I) Here, velocity of...Chapter 17.7, Problem 100PDetermine the inlet density of air. ρ1=P1RT1 (I) Here, the inlet pressure of air is P1, the...Chapter 17.7, Problem 108PChapter 17.7, Problem 110PWrite the Equation 17-38 as in text book (the relation between the pressures after shock and before...Write the given equation of state. P=RTv−b−av2 (I) Here, the pressure is P, the gas constant is R,...Chapter 17.7, Problem 128RPChapter 17.7, Problem 130RPChapter 17.7, Problem 131RPChapter 17.7, Problem 136RPChapter 17.7, Problem 137RP
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Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach
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