Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The number of valence electrons in N, As, Br and Se and covalent bonds for each of these elements to satisfy the octet rule needs to be explained
Concept introduction:
Noble gases show stable electron arrangement. This stable arrangement contains complete outer energy level and smaller potential energy compared to other electron arrangement.

Answer to Problem 83A
Number of valence electrons and covalent bond for completing their octet for each element listed below:
Valence electron Covalent bond
N:
As:
Br:
Se:
Explanation of Solution
In the periodic table, number of valance electrons of the elements is same as the group number. Number of electrons needed for satisfying the octet is calculated as follows:
Valence electrons in N is
Valence electrons in As is
Valence electrons in Br is
Valence electrons in Se is
An element achieves stable electronic configuration if the outermost shell holds eight electrons.
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