Chapter 8, Problem 111A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Molecular shape and bond angle of $\text{COS}$ needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A molecule’s physical and chemical properties are determined through its shape. The shapes of the reactant molecules play an important role in determining whether they come close to react or not. The densities of electrons generated by the overlap of the mutual electrons' orbitals define the molecular structure.

Answer to Problem 111A

The shape of the molecule $\text{COS}$ is linear.

Explanation of Solution

In COS, central atom is C, which is less electronegative compared to O and S. Carbon has four valence electrons and it is doubly bonded with O and S. Molecules those have the linear molecular shape containing total two pairs of electrons. Hence, its molecular shape is linear and its bond angle is $180°$. There is no lone pair electron.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Molecular shape of ${\text{CF}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ needs to be explained.

Concept introduction:

A molecule’s physical and chemical properties are determined through its shape. The shapes of the reactant molecules play an important role in determining whether they come close to react or not. The densities of electrons generated by the overlap of the mutual electrons' orbitals define the molecular structure.

Answer to Problem 111A

The shape of ${\text{CF}}_{\text{2}}{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ molecule is tetrahedral.

Explanation of Solution

The molecule contains four bonding pairs. The central atom is C, which is less electronegative compared to Cl and F. Its four valance electrons are distributed to 2 Cl and 2 F. Hence, its molecular shape is tetrahedral and its bond angle is $109°$. Molecules those have the tetrahedral molecular shape containing total four pairs of shared electrons.