General Chemistry4th EditionDonald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly Publisher: University Science BooksISBN: 9781891389603
General Chemistry
Solutions for General Chemistry
Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Chemistry And The Scientific MethodChapter 2 - Atoms And MoleculesChapter 3 - The Periodic Table And Chemical PeriodicityChapter 4 - Early Quantum TheoryChapter 5 - Quantum Theory And Atomic StructureChapter 6 - Ionic Bonds And CompoundsChapter 7 - Lewis FormulasChapter 8 - Prediction Of Molecular GeometriesChapter 9 - Covalent BondingChapter 10 - Chemical Reactivity
Chapter 11 - Chemical CalculationsChapter 12 - Chemical Calculations For SolutionsChapter 13 - Properties Of GasesChapter 14 - ThermochemistryChapter 15 - Liquids And SolidsChapter 16 - Colligative Properties Of SolutionsChapter 17 - Chemical Kinetics: Rate LawsChapter 18 - Chemical Kinetics: MechanismsChapter 19 - Chemical EquilibriumChapter 20 - The Properties Of Acids And BasesChapter 21 - Buffers And The Titration Of Acids And BasesChapter 22 - Solubility And Precipitation ReactionsChapter 23 - Chemical ThermodynamicsChapter 24 - Oxidation-reduction ReactionsChapter 25 - ElectrochemistryChapter 26 - The Chemistry Of The Transition Metals
Book Details
This new fourth edition of General Chemistry takes an atoms-first approach from beginning to end. In the tradition of McQuarrie s many previous works, it promisesto be another ground-breaking text. This superb new book combines the clear writing and wonderful problems that have made McQuarrie famous among chemistry professors and students worldwide. Presented in an elegant design with all-new illustrations, it is available in a soft-cover edition to offer professors a fresh choiceat an outstanding value. Student supplements include an online series of descriptive chemistry Interchapters, a Student Solutions Manual, and an optional state-of-the-art OnlineHomework program.
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for General Chemistry homework problems. See examples below:
Hypothesis: Hypothesis is a proposal that is put forward as a possible prediction or an observation...The car has a mass of 1200 kg. Velocity at which the car runs is 89 km⋅h−1. Velocity can be...Given calculation is 213.3642+17.54+32978=z. Number of digits that is present after the decimal...Given value is 21.5 cm. This has to be converted into meters using the conversion factor. Conversion...Given value is 1.259×103 J. This has to be converted into kilojoules using the conversion factor....Given value is 1.00 liters. This has to be converted into quartz using the conversion factor....Given value is 325 feet. This has to be converted into meters using the conversion factor....Average density and percentage error obtained by Group 1: Three density values of lead is obtained...Density of the penny can be calculated using the equation given below. d=PdCu+QdZn100 (1) Where, P...
Given element is selenium. This is present in Group 16 or Group 6A of the Periodic table. The...Given ore is CaWO4. Atomic mass of Ca is 40.078 g/mol. Atomic mass of W is 183.84 g/mol. Atomic mass...Given halogen compound is BrN3. Atomic mass of Br is 79.904 g/mol. Atomic mass of N is 14.0067...Given vitamin is C20H30O. Atomic mass of C is 12.0107 g/mol. Atomic mass of H is 1.008 g/mol. Atomic...Given ion is K+. As this is a positively charged ion, it is a cation. The symbol present in the ion...Given ion is F−. As this is a negatively charged ion, it is an anion. The symbol present in the ion...Given ion is OH−. This has one oxygen atom, one hydrogen atom and a negative charge. Atomic mass of...Given ion is NH4+. This has one nitrogen atom, four hydrogen atoms and a positive charge. Atomic...(a) Mass percentage of nitrogen in NH4NO3: Molecular formula of fertilizer is NH4NO3. Atomic mass of...Chemical equation given is shown below. P(s)+Br2(l)→PBr3(l) Above chemical equation is not balanced....Chemical equation given is shown below. H2SO4(aq)+KOH(aq)→K2SO4(aq)+H2O(l) Above chemical equation...Chemical equation given is shown below. PCl3(g)+Cl2(g)→PCl5(s) The above equation has equal number...Chemical equation given is shown below. F2(g)+Al2O3(s)→AlF3(s)+O2(g) Above chemical equation is not...Chemical equation given is shown below. Al(s)+Cl2(g)→AlCl3(s) Above chemical equation is not...Given species are shown below. He Be Kr Ne Among the given species, beryllium (Be) belongs to Group...Wavelength of the incident light is given as 390 nm. Electrons are ejected at a speed of 5.00×105...Hydrogen atom absorbs photon and is excited to n=3 state. This state is known as second excited...Frequency of First line: Energy of photon emitted on relaxation from n=2 state to n=1 state in first...Wavelength of First line: Energy of photon emitted on relaxation from n=4 state to n=3 state in...Ionization energy can be calculated using the equation given by Bohr that is shown below....Threshold frequency for metal is given as 5.45×1014 Hz. This is same as 5.45×1014 s-1. The minimum...Frequency of First line: Energy of photon emitted on relaxation from n=2 state to n=1 state in first...Mass of nitrogen (m) molecule is given as 4.65×10−23 g. Conversion of this into kilograms gives the...Given ion is Cl−. Atomic number of chlorine is 17. Ground state electronic configuration of chlorine...Given ion is O2−. Atomic number of oxygen is 8. Ground state electronic configuration of oxygen is...Given ion is Cl−. Atomic number of chlorine is 17. Ground state electronic configuration of chlorine...Given ion is O2−. Atomic number of oxygen is 8. Ground state electronic configuration of oxygen is...Electronic configuration of F−: Fluorine has an atomic number of 9. Therefore, the electronic...Given ion is F+. Atomic number of fluorine is 9. Ground state electronic configuration of fluorine...Cesium has an atomic number of 55, one electron is lost, it becomes Cs+ and its atomic number...Sodium has a monopositive charge (Na+) and sulphur belongs to the group 16 and forms a dinegative...Carbon monoxide and oxygen exists as gas in nature. They react with each other to form carbon...Calcium has a dipositive charge (Ca2+) and fluorine belongs to the group 17 and forms a mononegative...Gallium has a tripositive charge (Ga3+) and fluorine belongs to the group 17 and forms a...The given equation is, Li(g)+Br(g)→Li+(g)+Br-(g) The first electron affinity of lithium is written...The given equation is, Na(g)+H(g)→Na+(g)+H-(g) The first electron affinity of sodium is written as,...The given reaction is, Na(g)+X(g)→Na+X-(g) Sodium chloride: Na(g)+Cl(g)→Na+Cl-(g) This equation can...The total number of valence electrons is, Number of valence electrons in hydrogen=(2)(1)=2 electrons...XeF2: The total number of valence electrons in XeF2 is, Number of valence electrons in...The total number of valence electrons in NF4+ is, Number of valence electrons in nitrogen=(1)(5)=5...The total number of valence electrons in ClO4- is, Number of valence electrons in oxygen=(4)(6)=24...The total number of valence electrons in HClO3 is, Number of valence electrons in hydrogen=(1)(1)=1...The total number of valence electrons in H2SO4 is, Number of valence electrons in hydrogen=(2)(1)=2...N2O: The total number of valence electrons in N2O is, Number of valence electrons in oxygen=(1)(6)=6...Reasons of the correct answer: The structure of TeF6 is, The structure of XeF4. is, The structure of...The atomic number of Be is four. The electronic configuration of Be=1s22s2 The molecular electronic...The bond energy of N2 is greater than the N2+ ion this can be explained based on their bond order....The bond energy of O2 is lesser than the O2+ ion this can be explained based on their bond order....The ground state electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an...The ground state electronic configuration is the arrangement of electrons around the nucleus of an...If one electron is added to the oxygen molecule O2- ion is formed. The atomic number of O2- ion is...If one electron is added to the carbon molecule C2- ion is formed. The ground state electronic...The given configuration is, (σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(π2p)1 There are 3 electrons in the bonding and two...The molecular configuration of carbon monoxide is, (σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(π2px)2(π2py)2(σ2pz)2...The name of the anion (CN-) is cyanide and the cation present is calcium (Ca2+). Therefore, the name...Solutions of sodium sulphide and hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride and hydrogen...Solutions of chloric acid and potassium hydroxide react to form potassium chlorate and water. This...Solutions of iron (III) nitrate and sodium hydroxide react to form iron (III) hydroxide and sodium...Solutions of silver nitrate and sodium sulphide react to form silver sulphide and sodium nitrate....The product of the reaction between copper chloride and sodium sulphide is copper sulphide and...The product of the reaction between sulphuric acid and calcium (II) perchlorate is calcium sulphate...The product of the reaction between chloric acid and barium hydroxide is barium chlorate and water....The product of the reaction between perchloric acid and calcium hydroxide is calcium perchlorate and...The product of the reaction between aqueous lead (II) nitrate and aqueous potassium chromate is lead...The formula to calculate number of moles of calcium carbonate is as follows: Number of moles of...The compound is CH4. The compound contains 1 carbon atom and4 hydrogen atoms. Molar mass of CH4 is...The compound is CH3OH. The compound contains 1 carbon atom and 4 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom....The formula to calculate number of moles of C4H6O4.Ca is as follows: Number of moles of...Mass % of Li is 46.45 % and O is 53.55 % in 100 % compound. Therefore the mass of compound to be 100...Mass % of Tl is 71.89 % and Br is 28.11 %. Therefore, mass of Tl is 71.89 g and Br is 28.11 g in 100...The steps to balance a chemical reaction are as follows: Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation....The steps to balance a chemical reaction are as follows: Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation....The steps to balance a chemical reaction are as follows: Step 1: Write the unbalanced equation....The compound contains carbon, hydrogen oxygen and sulfur. Therefore, mass of carbon in carbon...The formula to convert mass in grams to moles is as follows: Number of moles=Given massmolar mass...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert 250...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert 375...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert 175...The conversion factor to convert liters to is μL as follows: 1 μL=10−6 L Hence convert 15 μL to L as...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert 25...The formula to convert mass in gram to moles is as follows: Number of moles=Given massmolar mass (1)...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert...The conversion factor to convert liters to milliliters is as follows: 1 L=1000 mL Hence convert 55...The conversion factor to convert atm to torr is as follows: 1 atm=760 torr Thus 75 atm is converted...The formula to convert degree Celsius to kelvin is as follows: T(K)=T(°C)+273 K (1) Substitute 100...The formula to convert degree Celsius to kelvin is as follows: T(K)=T(°C)+273 K (1) Substitute 10.8...The formula to convert mass in grams to moles is as follows: Number of moles=Given massmolar mass...The formula to obtain mass from mass percent of given mixture is as follows: Mass=(Mass %)(Mass of...Assume the temperature is 25 °C. The formula to convert degree Celsius to kelvin is as follows:...The conversion factor to convert mL to L is as follows: 1 mL=10−3 L Thus 650 mL is converted to L as...The formula to convert degree Celsius to kelvin is as follows: T(K)=T(°C)+273 K (1) Substitute 20 °C...The formula to convert degree Celsius to kelvin is as follows: T(K)=T(°C)+273 K (1) Substitute 150...Substitute 3.5 atm for P, 10 L for Vi, and 25 L for Vf in equation (1). w=−(3.5 atm)(25 L−10...Given chemical equation is as follows: N2H4(l)+O2(g)→N2(g)+2H2O(g) (1) The expression of ΔH°rxn for...Given chemical equation is as follows: 2H2O2(l)→2H2O(l)+O2(g) (1) The expression of ΔH°rxn for...Given chemical equation is as follows: CH3CH2OH(l)+3O2(g)→2CO2(g)+3H2O(l) (1) The expression of...Given chemical equation is as follows: CH3OH(l)+32O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(l) (1) The expression of ΔH°rxn...Given chemical equation is as follows: H2(g)+F2(g)→2HF(g) (1) The expression of ΔH°rxn for chemical...The chemical equation for combustion of oxalic acid is as follows: H2C2O4(s)+12O2(g)→2CO2(g)+H2O(l)...The chemical equation for combustion reaction of CH3CH2OH(l) is as follows:...The chemical equation for combustion reaction of C2H2(g) is as follows:...The given chemical equation is as follows: 2H2(g)+O2(g)→2H2O(g) (6) Total moles gaseous reactant...The formula to determine moles of ammonia is as follows: number of moles of ammonia=mass of...The formula to determine moles of mercury is as follows: number of moles of mercury=mass of...The formula to calculate the number of moles of water is as follows: number of moles of water=mass...The diameter of bigger sphere is 2 mm. The radius of bigger sphere is calculated as follows:...In NaCl, the chloride ion is present in a fcc type arrangement that is at corners and face centers...As per Trouton’s rule, compounds that don’t have strong molecular interactions like hydrogen bonding...Consider the final temperature to be Tf. Ice undergoes 3 processes when put in a water container. In...The formula to calculate the density of Fe crystal is as follows: density=Z⋅MNa⋅a3 (1) Here, Z is...Conversion factor for temperature in °C to K is as follows: temperature(K)=temperature(°C)+273.15...Given that, a solution has been prepared by mixing of 20.0 g of ethanol and 80.0 g of water. The...Given that, one mole of methanol is dissolved 1.0 kg of water. Here, solute is methanol and solvent...Given that the molality of aqueous solution of sodium chloride is 0.25 m.NaCl is a strong...Given that the molality of aqueous solution of sucrose is 2.00 m. Sucrose is a weak electrolyte....Given that the molality of aqueous solution of ethanol is 1.5 m. Ethanol is a weak electrolyte....Given that, the vapor pressure lowering of an aqueous solution of potassium iodide is 2.00 Torr at...Given that, the mole fraction of 1− propanol is 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75. Then the mole fraction of...The value of Kf for water is 1.86 K.mc−1 and its freezing point is 0∘C. Wine and vodka are about 12%...Given that 5.0 g of K2SO4(s) is dissolved in 0.250 kg of water. K2SO4(s) is a strong electrolyte and...The value of Kf for water is 1.86 K.mc−1. For PtCl2.4NH3 : Given that, the freezing point depression...Given, 2 NOCl(g) → 2 NO(g) + Cl2(g) The rate of loss of nitrosyl chloride is twice as great as the...The order of reaction with respect to CH3COCH3(aq), Br2(aq) and H+(aq) are calculated as, (rate of...Given, k = 5.5 × 10-4 s-1[cyclopropane]0 = 1.00 × 10-3 Mt = 2.0 hours (1 hour = 3600 s2.0 hours =...Given reaction is: H2C2O4(g)→CO2(g)+HCHO2(g) Rate of the reaction is measured using the change in...The order of reaction with respect to ClO3-(aq) , I-(aq), and H+(aq) are calculated as, (rate of...The order of reaction with respect to BrO3-(aq) , I-(aq), and H+(aq) are calculated as, (rate of...Given, rate of reaction = (5.0 × 10-3 M-1⋅s-1)[C2H4Br2][I-]. For run-1: [C2H4Br2] = 0.20 M [I-] =...The order of reaction with respect to OCl−(aq), I−(aq) and OH−(aq) are calculated as, (rate of...Given: Ea = ? ; k1 = (2.35 × 10−4)s−1 ; T1 = 293.0 K ; k2 = (9.15× 10−4)s−1 ; T2 = 303.0K....Given, N2O(g) + O(g) → 2NO(g) Reaction Rate = k [A]m[B]n,where m, and n are orders of the...Given, K(g) + HCl(g) → KCl(g) + H(g) Reaction Rate = k [A]m[B]n,where m, and n are orders of the...The given rate of reaction is, Rate = k [H2][I2] Consider mechanism a: H2(g)+I2(g)→k12HI(g)...The given rate of reaction is, Rate = k [Cl2]3/2[CO] As known, the overall reaction rate is same as...The decomposition of perbenzoic acid in water is given below. 2C6H5CO3H(aq)→2C6H5CO2H(aq)+O2(g)...The observed rate of reaction is, Rate = k [Cl2]3/2[CO] Mechanism: (1)Cl2(g) ⇄k−1k1 2Cl(g) (fast...The given rate of reaction is, Rate of reaction=k[H2][Br2]1/2 As known, the overall reaction rate is...Given: Antimony pentachloride decomposes according to the below equation. SbCl5(g)⇌SbCl3(g) + Cl2(g)...Given: Ammonium hydrogen sulphide decomposes according to the below chemical equation. NH4HS(s) ⇌...Given: The partial pressures of PCl5, PCl3 and Cl2 in an equilibrium mixture is 217 Torr, 13.2 Torr...Given: The decomposition of Ammonium hydrogen sulfide takes place as follows, NH4HS(s)⇌ NH3(g) +...Given: N2O4 gas is introduced in an empty reaction container at an initial pressure of 0.554 bar....The methanol synthesis reaction is given below. 2H2(g)+CO(g)⇌CH3OH(g) The expression for equilibrium...The reaction is given below. H2(g)+I2(g)⇌2HI(g)KP=[HI]2[H2][I2]=85 at 280∘C If PHI=PH2=PI2 at 553 K,...The reaction is given below. CO(g)+Cl2(g)⇌COCl2(g)KP=PCOCl2(PCO)(PCl2) The first set of equilibrium...The reaction is given below. H2(g)+I2(g)⇌2HI(g)KP=[HI]2[H2][I2]=54.4 The value of KC for the above...Given: 0.150 M HClO4. Generally, HClO4 is strong acid since it completely dissociates into ions with...Given: CH3CH2COOH⇒Ka = 1.4×10-5 M CH3CH2COOH⇌CH3CH2COO− + H+ The conjugate base of given acid is...Given: C5H5N⇒Kb = 1.5×10-9 M C5H5N+ H+⇌C5H5NH+ The conjugate acid of given base is C5H5NH+. The Ka...Given: 0.20 M in NaCNO(aq). The reaction between NaCNO(s) and water is as follows, NaCNO(s) +...Given: 0.25 M in NaNO2(aq). The reaction between NaNO2(aq) and water is as follows, NaNO2(s) +...Given: 0.50MH2SO3(aq). The given acid is diprotic acid. The concentration of species, HSO3-(aq)...The equilibrium reaction after first dissociation is as follows, H3PO4(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ H2PO4−(aq) +...Given: 3.00M CH3COOH(aq) solution in which 2.00 mL is diluted to make solution of 250.0mL. Ka value...Given: 0.20 M in Fe(NO3)3(aq). First moles of vitamin C present in 500.0 mg is calculated. Moles of...Given: 0.010 M sulfurous acid. The sulfurous acid is a diprotic acid. Its first dissociation is as...Given data, 0.050 MCH3COOH(aq) and 0.050 MCH3COONa(aq) From the standard data, pKa of acetic acid is...pH of buffer solution can be calculated as The moles of NH4Cl=500 mL×0.11000=0.05 molesThe moles of...Given buffer solution, 0.100 M in NH3(aq) and 0.100 M in NH4Cl(aq) pH of the given buffer solution...Given, 17.5 mL of 0.098 M Pyridine 0.117 M HI(aq) At the equivalent point of acid (HI) base (C5H5N)...Given compound is AgI. According to solubility rule, most silver (I) salts are insoluble. Hence, AgI...The two applicable equations are given below: AgBr(s)⇌Ag+(aq)+Br−(aq) Ksp=5.4×10−13 M2...The two applicable equations are given below: AgI(s)⇌Ag+(aq)+I−(aq) Ksp=8.5×10−17 M2...The two applicable equations are given below: CuBr(s)⇌Cu+(aq)+Br−(aq) Ksp=6.3×10−9 M2...The two applicable equations are given below: AgBr(s)⇌Ag+(aq)+Br−(aq) Ksp=5.4×10−13 M2...Given data is as follows: 10.0 mL of 0.30 M Zn(NO3)210.0 mL of 2.0×10−4M Na2S The chemical equation...Given data is as follows: pH=2.00pH=2.00[H2S]=0.10 M The two applicable equations are given below:...Given data is as follows: pH =2.00 The concentration of hydronium ion can be calculated as follows:...Unit of temperature can be converted to Kelvin using the given conversion, 0°C = 0°C + 273.15=273.15...The given reaction is shown below, 4 NH3(g) + 7 O2(g) → 4 NO2 (g) + 6 H2O(g) Standard entropy of...The given reaction is shown below, 2 H2O2(l) + N2H4(l) → N2 (g) + 4 H2O(g) Standard entropy of...Given information is shown below, T = 25°C=(25+273)=298 KΔHrxno =−1323.0 kJ/mol The given reaction...The given reaction is shown below, CO(g) + 2 H2(g) → CH3OH(l) Calculate the value of ΔGrxno:...The given reaction is shown below, 2 H2O2(l) + N2H4(l) → N2(g) + 4 H2O(g) Calculate the value of...The given reaction is shown below, H2(g) + CO2(g) ⇌ H2O (g) + CO(g) Calculate the value of ΔGrxno:...The given reaction is shown below, I2(s) → I2(g) Standard enthalpy of formation values is given...The given reaction is shown below, AgCl(s) → Ag+(aq) + Cl−(aq) Calculate the value of ΔGrxno:...O2 is a free atom. So oxygen atom has an oxidation state of 0.The given reaction can be written as two half reactions as follows, The oxidation half reaction is...The given reaction can be written as two half reactions. The oxidation half reaction is...The given reaction can be written as two half reactions. The oxidation half reaction is I−→ IO3−+...The given reaction can be written as two half reactions. The oxidation half reaction is SO32−→SO42−....The given reaction can be written as two half reactions as follows, The oxidation half reaction is...The given can be rewritten as follows, MnO4−+ Mo3+→ Mn2++ MoO22+ The given reaction can be written...The given reaction can be written as two half reactions. The oxidation half reaction is...The cell diagram of a zinc-silver electrochemical cell is sketched as, Figure 1 The half-cell...The given reaction is shown below, Cu(s) + [Fe(CN)6]3−(aq) ⇌ 2 Cu+(aq) + [Fe(CN)6]4−(aq) Reduction...The given reaction is shown below, 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) ⇌ 2 Na+(aq) + 2 OH−(aq) + H2(g) Reduction...The given reaction is shown below, 2 Ag(s) + F2(aq) ⇌ 2 Ag+(aq) + 2 F−(aq) Reduction half-cell is...The given reaction is shown below, Zn(s) + Cu2+(aq) ⇌ Zn2+(aq) + Cu(s) Reduction half-cell is given...A total of thirty transition metals are present in the periodic table. Among the thirty elements,...Ore of iron is said to contain 50% Fe2O3 and 50% SiO2. Therefore, mass of Fe2O3 and SiO2 in 10000...Given complex contains Nb(III) as metal ion. The Roman numeral that is present in the parenthesis...Given complex contains Ni(II) as metal ion. The Roman numeral that is present in the parenthesis...Given complex ion is [Fe(CN)6]4−. Cyanide ligands possess a negative charge. The oxidation state of...Given complex ion is [Mn(NH3)6]3+. Ammonia molecules do not possess any charge. The oxidation state...Complex ion [Co(CN)6]3−: Given complex ion is [Co(CN)6]3−. Cyanide ion possess a negative charge....
More Editions of This Book
Corresponding editions of this textbook are also available below:
GENERAL CHEMISTRY ACHIEVE ACCESS W/BOOK
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319405212
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389757
EBK GENERAL CHEMISTRY
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389900
Student Solutions Manual to Accompany General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389733
GENERAL CHEMISTRY-W/ACCESS
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389870
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