General Chemistry
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389603
Author: Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly
Publisher: University Science Books
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.21P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Value of ΔSrxno and ΔGrxno has to be calculated for the reaction C2H4(g)+ 3O2(g)2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g).  The direction in which the reaction is spontaneous has to be indicated.

Concept Introduction:

Entropy(S): it is used to describe the disorder.  It is the amount of arrangements possible in a system at a particular state.

Value of ΔSrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔSrxnoS°[products]S°[reactants]

The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ΔG. Value of ΔGrxno is determined as follows,

  ΔGrxno=ΔHrxnoTΔSrxno

The formula of ΔGrxn in terms of thermodynamic reaction quotient (Q),

    ΔGrxn=ΔGrxno+RTln Q

If ΔGrxn<0 then the reaction is spontanous in forward reaction and so the reaction will favor products.

If ΔGrxn>0 then the reaction is spontanous in backward reaction and so the reaction will favor reactants.

If ΔGrxn=0 then the reaction is at equilibrium.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.21P

Value of ΔSrxno is 29.7J/Kmol.

Value of ΔGrxno is 1314 kJ/mol.

The reaction is spontaneous in forward direction.

Explanation of Solution

Given information is shown below,

  T = 25°C=(25+273)=298KΔHrxno =1323.0 kJ/mol

The given reaction is shown below,

  C2H4(g)+ 3O2(g)2 CO2(g) + 2 H2O(g)

Standard enthalpy of formation values is given below,

  ΔS°[C2H4(g)]=219.3J/KmolΔS°[O2(g)]=205.2J/KmolΔS°[CO2(g)]=213.8J/KmolΔS°[H2O(g)]=188.8J/Kmol

Value of ΔSrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔSrxnoS°[products]S°[reactants]

Substitute the values as follows,

ΔSrxno[(2)(213.8J/Kmol)+(2)(188.8J/Kmol)] [(1)(219.3J/Kmol)+(3)(205.2J/Kmol)]=29.7J/Kmol=0.0297kJ/Kmol

Therefore, value of ΔSrxno is 29.7J/Kmol.

Value of ΔGrxno is determined as follows,

  ΔGrxno=ΔHrxnoTΔSrxno=(1323.0 kJ/mol)(298K×0.0297kJ/Kmol)=1314 kJ/mol

Therefore, value of ΔGrxno is 1314 kJ/mol.

Thermodynamic reaction quotient is determined as follows,

  Q = (PCO2)2(PH2O)2(PC2H4)(PO2)3=(20.0)2(0.010)2(0.010)(0.020)3=5.0×105

Value of ΔGrxn is determined as follows,

  ΔGrxn=ΔGrxno+RTln Q=(1314 kJ/mol)+[(8.314×103 kJ.K1.mol1)(298 K)ln (5.0×105)]=1281 kJ/mol

Therefore, value of ΔGrxn is 1281 kJ/mol.

Here, ΔGrxn<0 and it indicates that the reaction is spontaneous in forward direction. Direction of reaction is from left to right.

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Chapter 23 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.13PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.14PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.15PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.16PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.17PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.18PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.19PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.23PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.24PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.25PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.27PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.28PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.30PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.31PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.32PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.33PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.39PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.40PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.41PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.42PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.47PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.48PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.49PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.50PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.51PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.52PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.57PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.58PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.59PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.60PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.63PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.64PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.71PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.72PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.73PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.74PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.78PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.80PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.81PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.82PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.83PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.84PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88P
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