The process naphthalene ( s ) → naphthalene ( g ) is whether spontaneous and the factor that drives has to be given. Also, the signs of Δ H , Δ S and Δ G for the given process has to be determined. Concept Introduction: Enthalpy ( H ) : It is the total amount of heat in a particular system. If the value obtained for ΔH in a reaction is positive then it is an endothermic reaction whereas the value obtained for ΔH is negative it is an exothermic reaction. Entropy ( S ) : it is used to describe the disorder. It is the amount of arrangements possible in a system at a particular state. If the disorder increases in a system, then Δ S > 0 If the disorder decreases in a system, then Δ S < 0 Free energy change ( Δ G ) : change in the free energy takes place while reactants convert to product. Spontaneous reactions releases the free energy and has Δ G < 0 . Nonspontaneous reactions absorbs the free energy and has Δ G > 0

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Chapter 23, Problem 23.18P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The process naphthalene(s)→ naphthalene(g) is whether spontaneous and the factor that drives has to be given. Also, the signs of ΔH, ΔS and ΔG for the given process has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Enthalpy(H): It is the total amount of heat in a particular system.

If the value obtained for ΔH in a reaction is positive then it is an endothermic reaction whereas the value obtained for ΔH is negative it is an exothermic reaction.

Entropy(S): it is used to describe the disorder. It is the amount of arrangements possible in a system at a particular state.

If the disorder increases in a system, then ΔS>0

If the disorder decreases in a system, then ΔS<0

Free energy change(ΔG): change in the free energy takes place while reactants convert to product.

Spontaneous reactions releases the free energy and has ΔG<0.

Nonspontaneous reactions absorbs the free energy and has ΔG>0

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