General Chemistry
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389603
Author: Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly
Publisher: University Science Books
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.14P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stability of the given configuration (a) has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

The bond order can be calculated as,

Bond order =(Nb)-(Na)2

Where, Nb is number of electrons in bonding orbital.

Na is number of electrons in antibonding orbital

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given configuration is,

  (σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(π2p)1

There are 3 electrons in the bonding and two electrons in the antibonding orbitals.

The bond order can be calculated as,

Bond order =(Nb)-(Na)2

Bond order =(3)-(2)2=0.5

The bond order is 0.5, which is stable configuration.  There is no dissociation of excited molecules.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stability of the given (b) configuration has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given configuration is,

(σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(σ2s)1(σ*2s)1

There are 3 electrons in the bonding and 3 electrons in the antibonding orbitas.

The bond order can be calculated as,

Bond order =(Nb)-(Na)2

Bond order =(3)-(3)2=0

The bond order is 0 which is unstable configuration.  It would results in the dissociation of molecule.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stability of the given (c) configuration has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given configuration is,

  (σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(π2p)4(π*2p)1.

There are 8 electrons in the bonding orbital and 5 electrons in the antibonding orbital.

The bond order can be calculated as,

Bond order =(Nb)-(Na)2

Bond order =(8)-(5)2=1.5

The bond order is 1.5, which is stable configuration, and there would no dissociation of excited molecules.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The stability of the given (d) configuration has to be given.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given configuration is,

  (σ1s)2(σ*1s)2(σ2s)2(σ*2s)2(π2p)4(π*2p)4(σ*2p)1

There are 8 electrons in the bonding and nine electrons in the antibonding orbitals.

The bond order can be calculated as,

Bond order =(Nb)-(Na)2

Bond order =(8)-(9)2=-0.5

The bond order is -0.5 which is unstable configuration.  It would results in the dissociation of the molecule.

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