General Chemistry
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389603
Author: Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly
Publisher: University Science Books
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Chapter 14, Problem 14.29P

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of ΔH°rxn for following reaction has to be determined. Also, whether reaction is endothermic or exothermic has to be identified.

  N2H4(l)+O2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g)

Concept Introduction:

Thermodynamics is a study of energy transfers that can be done by either heat or work. The energy transferred through work involves force. When work is positive then system gains energy while when work is negative then system loses energy. Heat is not a state function and therefore change in enthalpy of reaction (ΔH°rxn) has been introduced. The expression to calculate ΔH°rxn is as follows:

  ΔHrxn=HprodHreact

The useful property of ΔH°rxn is that it is an additive property.

a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.29P

The value of ΔH°rxn for given reaction is 534.2 kJ·mol–1 and it is exothermic reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical equation is as follows:

  N2H4(l)+O2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g)        (1)

The expression of ΔH°rxn for chemical equation (1) is as follows:

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)ΔH°f(N2)+(2)ΔH°f(H2O)][(1)ΔH°f(N2H4)+(1)ΔH°f(O2)]        (2)

Substitute 0 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(N2), 241.8 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(H2O), +50.6 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(N2H4), and 0 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(O2) in equation (2).

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)(0 kJ·mol–1)+(2)(241.8 kJ·mol–1)][(1)(+50.6 kJ·mol–1)+(1)(0 kJ·mol–1)]=534.2 kJ·mol–1

Since ΔH°rxn has negative sign, thus reaction is exothermic.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of ΔH°rxn for following reaction has to be determined. Also, whether reaction is endothermic or exothermic has to be identified.

  C2H4(g)+H2O(l)CH3CH2OH(l)

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.29P

The value of ΔH°rxn for given reaction is +60.6 kJ·mol–1 and it is endothermic reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical equation is as follows:

  C2H4(g)+H2O(l)CH3CH2OH(l)        (3)

The expression of ΔH°rxn for chemical equation (3) is as follows:

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)ΔH°f(CH3CH2OH)][(1)ΔH°f(H2O)+(1)ΔH°f(C2H4)]        (4)

Substitute 277.6 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(CH3CH2OH), 285.8 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(H2O),and +52.4 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(C2H4) in equation (4).

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)(277.6 kJ·mol–1)][(1)(285.8 kJ·mol–1)+(1)(+52.4 kJ·mol–1)]=+60.6 kJ·mol–1

Since ΔH°rxn has positive sign, thus reaction is endothermic.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of ΔH°rxn for following reaction has to be determined. Also, whether reaction is endothermic or exothermic has to be identified.

  CH4(g)+4Cl2(g)CCl4(l)+4HCl(g)

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 14.29P

The value of ΔH°rxn for given reaction is 422.8 kJ·mol–1 and it is exothermic reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Given chemical equation is as follows:

  CH4(g)+4Cl2(g)CCl4(l)+4HCl(g)        (5)

The expression of ΔH°rxn for chemical equation (5) is as follows:

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)ΔH°f(CCl4)+(4)ΔH°f(HCl)][(1)ΔH°f(CH4)+(4)ΔH°f(Cl2)]        (6)

Substitute 128.2 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(CCl4), 92.3 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(HCl), 74.6 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(CH4), and 0 kJ·mol–1 for ΔH°f(Cl2) in equation (6).

  ΔH°rxn=[(1)(128.2 kJ·mol–1)+(4)(92.3 kJ·mol–1)][(1)(74.6 kJ·mol–1)+(4)(0 kJ·mol–1)]=422.8 kJ·mol–1

Since ΔH°rxn has negative sign, thus reaction is exothermic.

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Chapter 14 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 14 - Prob. 14.11PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.12PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.13PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.14PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.15PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.16PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.17PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.18PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.19PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.20PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.21PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.22PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.23PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.24PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.25PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.26PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.27PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.28PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.29PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.30PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.31PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.32PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.33PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.34PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.35PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.36PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.37PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.38PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.39PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.40PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.41PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.42PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.43PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.44PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.45PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.46PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.47PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.48PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.49PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.50PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.51PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.52PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.53PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.54PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.55PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.56PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.57PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.58PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.59PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.60PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.61PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.62PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.63PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.64PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.65PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.66PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.67PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.68PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.69PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.70PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.71PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.72PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.73PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.74PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.75PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.77PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.78PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.79PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.82PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.83PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.84PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.85PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.86PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.87PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.88PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.89PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.90PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.92PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.94PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.95PCh. 14 - Prob. 14.96P
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