Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Empirical formula for the compound X has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Empirical formula is the one that can be determined from the molar mass of the elements that is present in the compound and the mass percentage of the elements. The mass percentage of the elements present in the compound is converted into the moles of each element considering the molar mass of each element. The relative number of moles for each type of atoms is found out finally.
(a)
Answer to Problem J.15E
Empirical formula for the compound X is
Explanation of Solution
The mass percentage composition of compound X is given as
Considering
Number of moles of each element present in the compound can be calculated using the molar mass and mass of the element as follows;
Dividing the moles of element obtained using the smallest amount, the ratio can be obtained as shown below;
The ratio of the atoms in the compound is given as follows;
Thus in compound the atoms are present in the ratio of
Therefore, the empirical formula for the compound can be given as
(b)
Interpretation:
Molecular formula of the compound X has to be found out.
Concept Introduction:
Empirical formula is the one that can be determined from the molar mass of the elements that is present in the compound and the mass percentage of the elements. The mass percentage of the elements present in the compound is converted into the moles of each element considering the molar mass of each element. The relative number of moles for each type of atoms is found out finally.
Molecular formula of a compound can be found if the empirical formula and molar mass of the compound is known. The molar mass of compound is divided by the molar mass of the empirical formula in order to obtain the factor which is multiplied with the coefficients of empirical formula in order to obtain the molecular formula.
(b)
Answer to Problem J.15E
Molecular formula of the compound X is
Explanation of Solution
Empirical formula of compound X is
Molar mass of the empirical formula is calculated as follows;
Molar mass of the compound X is divided by the molar mass of empirical formula in order to obtain the factor as shown below;
The coefficient of empirical formula is multiplied by the factor
Therefore, the molecular formula of compound X is
(c)
Interpretation:
Balanced chemical equation and net ionic equation for reaction of compound X with sodium hydroxide has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Complete ionic equation is the one that shows all the species that is present in the
Net ionic equation is the one that is obtained from the complete ionic equation by cancelling out the spectator ions.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Compound X is said to have two acidic hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the reaction between compound X and sodium hydroxide is given as shown below;
Balancing sodium atoms: In the reactant side, there is one sodium atom while on the product side, there are two potassium atoms. Adding coefficient
Balancing oxygen atoms: In the above chemical equation, there are six oxygen atoms on the left side of the equation, while in the product side, there are five oxygen atoms. Adding coefficient
Complete ionic equation:
The complete ionic equation can be written considering the ionic compounds in aqueous medium to be written into respective ions. Therefore, the complete ionic equation can be given as follows;
Net ionic equation:
The net ionic equation can be obtained from the complete ionic equation by cancelling out the spectator ions on both sides of the equation.
Thus, the net ionic equation can be given as shown below;
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Chapter F Solutions
Chemical Principles: The Quest for Insight
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