Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Chapter 8, Problem 37RQ
Summary Introduction

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The types of cells that are capable of producing cortisol, glucagon, insulin, and epinephrine.

Introduction:

Different types of hormones are required in order to conduct various metabolic reactions in the body of an individual. These hormones are produced from the cells of different tissues, which are called endocrine tissues. Insulin and glucagon are secreted by the pancreas, and cortisol and epinephrine are released by the adrenal cortex. All these hormones are important in regulating the blood sugar level of an individual.

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QUESTION NO. 1 Cystic fibrosis is a frequent generic disease of Caucasians. The CF gene codes for a protein called the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) which functions as a cAMP-regulated chloride channel. The protein has two membrane-spanning domains, two domains that interact with ATP, and one regulatory domain. The most common defect is in the gene for one of the ATP binding domains. The result is a protein that does not fold correctly in the endoplasmic reticulum, is not properly glycosylated, and is nor transported to the cell surface. Rather, it is degraded in the cytosol within proteasomes. Drugs that foster chaperone interaction with the mutant protein are a potential therapeutic approach. Chaperones  A. are always required to direct the folding of proteins. B. when bound to protein increase the rate of protein degradation. C. usually bind to strongly hydrophilic regions of unfolded proteins. D. sometimes maintain proteins in an…

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Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life

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