Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The number of
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.
Aldehydes and ketones have constitutional isomers. Functional group isomerism exists between aldehyde and ketones. Aldehydes and ketones that have same degree of saturation and same number of carbon atoms are functional group isomers. In aldehyde, skeletal isomerism is possible where the group attached to the carbonyl carbon atom connectivity is changed. In ketones positional isomerism is possible where the carbonyl group is moved within the carbon chain.
(b)
Interpretation:
The number of aldehydes and ketones that exist with the molecular formula
Concept Introduction:
Isomers are the compounds that have same molecular formula but different structural formula. The main difference lies in the way the atoms are arranged in the structure. Isomers have different chemical and physical properties even when they have same molecular formula. This is known as Isomerism.
If there is difference only in the connectivity of the atoms in the molecule, then it is known as constitutional isomerism. The isomers are known as constitutional isomers. They will have same molecular formula and same functional group, but they differ in the connectivity between the atoms in the molecule.
Aldehydes and ketones have constitutional isomers. Functional group isomerism exists between aldehyde and ketones. Aldehydes and ketones that have same degree of saturation and same number of carbon atoms are functional group isomers. In aldehyde, skeletal isomerism is possible where the group attached to the carbonyl carbon atom connectivity is changed. In ketones positional isomerism is possible where the carbonyl group is moved within the carbon chain.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 4 Solutions
Organic And Biological Chemistry
- What functional group distinguishes each of the following hydrocarbon derivatives? a. halohydrocarbons b. alcohols c. ethers d. aldehydes e. ketones f. carboxylic acids g. esters h. amines Give examples of each functional group. What prefix or suffix is used to name each functional group? What are the bond angles in each? Describe the bonding in each functional group. What is the difference between a primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohol? For the functional groups in ah, when is a number required to indicate the position of the functional group? Carboxylic acids are often written as RCOOH. What does COOH indicate and what does R indicate? Aldehydes are sometimes written as RCHO. What does CHO indicate?arrow_forwardDraw structural formulas for all of the following. Q.) Aldehydes with the molecular formula C4H8Oarrow_forwardA lot of controversy surrounds the use of Aspartame as an artificial sweetener. The main argument is concerned with the production of methanol in the body. From the structure of aspartame given below: G0₂CH3 HẠN CH—ỆNH—CHCH, CH, COCH Source for the formation of methanol is, A. ester group in the compound B. amide group in the compound C. carboxylic acid group in the compound D. amino group in the compound E. benzene ring in the compoundarrow_forward
- Which of the following is the characteristic feature of all alkynes? a. the presence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds. b. the presence of one or more triple bonds. c. the presence of at least one carbon-carbon double bond and at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. d. the presence of a ring system.arrow_forwardName the following aldehydes and ketones. CHO HO C A,arrow_forwardWhat are the major products of the reaction of ethyl benzoate with hydrochloric acid and water? a. acetic acid and toluene b. phenylic acid and ethanol C. ethanoic acid and benzene d. benzoic acid and ethanol e. phenylic acid and methanol O a O barrow_forward
- This type of hydrocarbons contain at least one double or triple bond. Unsaturated hydrocarbons Saturated hydrocarbons Polyunsaturated hydrocarbons O Supersaturated hydrocarbons The most acidic among the hydrocarbons. Alkynes Alkenes Alkanes Arenes The number of secondary carbon(s) in this compound. CH3 CH,-C CHCH, CH3 CIarrow_forwardWhich of the following compounds can react with C2H5MgBr to give 3-pentanol? a.acetone b.ethanal c.acetic acid d.ethyl formatearrow_forwardQ1 Aldehydes contain the carbonyl group bonded to at least one hydrogen atom. contain the carbonyl group bonded to two carbon atoms contain the carbonyl group bonded to three carbon atoms Q2 compounds with the general formula R S. R′, where R and R′ are hydrocarbon radicals. These compounds can be considered as analogs of ethers, generated by replacing the oxygen atom with sulfu. Organic sulfides C16H32 C16H34 Q3 CH3 CH2 OH 1)Ethyl alcohol 2)2- methyl propanol 3)propyl Q5 The boiling point increase with increasing carbon number , and they usually decrease with branching . 1)Alcohols 2)Ethers 3)Di ethyl ether Q4 The first three primary alcohols soluble in water 1)T 2)F Q6 organic compounds which incorporate a carbonyl functional group, C=O. 1)Aldehydes and ketones 2)Phenol 3)alcohols Q7 Crude oil 1)is a mixture of hydrocarbons 2)Option 2 3)Option 3 Q8 types of hydrocarbon compounds present in crude oil 1)paraffins 2)naphthenes 3)ALL ITQ11 The hydrogen…arrow_forward
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning