The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature . Concept Introduction: For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name. IUPAC rules for naming a ketone: • The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group. • The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”. • Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name. • The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name. • Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Question

Laser. Indicate the relationship between metastable state and stimulated emission.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

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Laser. Indicate the relationship between metastable state and stimulated emission.

The table includes macrostates characterized by 4 energy levels (&) that are equally spaced but with different degrees of occupation. a) Calculate the energy of all the macrostates (in joules). See if they all have the same energy and number of particles. b) Calculate the macrostate that is most likely to exist. For this macrostate, show that the population of the levels is consistent with the Boltzmann distribution. macrostate 1 macrostate 2 macrostate 3 ε/k (K) Populations Populations Populations 300 5 3 4 200 7 9 8 100 15 17 16 0 33 31 32 DATO: k = 1,38×10-23 J K-1

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 4.32EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a ketone in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-one” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a ketone:

• The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carbonyl group.

• The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-one”.

• Numbering is done in a way that the carbonyl group gets the least numbering. The position of the carbonyl group is indicated in the name.

• The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

• Cyclic ketones are named by adding the suffix “-one” to the name of the carbon ring. The substituents are numbered so that it gets the least numbering starting from the carbonyl group that is given the number 1.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 25

Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 2QQ

Solution Summary: The author explains that the given ketone has to be named using IUPAC nomenclature.

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Chapter 4 Solutions