Chapter 21, Problem 97E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: For each of the monosaccharides shown in Table $\text{21-8}$ the sugars as aldohexoses, aldopentoses, ketohexoses or ketopentoses are to be classified.

Concept introduction: Carbohydrates are naturally occurring organic compounds. As the name implies carbohydrates are hydrates of carbon and have general formula of ${\text{C}}_{\text{X}}{\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)}_{\text{Y}}$. Basically, carbohydrates are $\text{polyhydroxy}$ aldehyde and ketones, for examples, glucose and fructose. Sugars are classified by the number of carbon atoms and functional group they contains. The monosaccharide glucose is called an aldohexose as it contains six carbon atoms as well as an aldehyde functional group and fructose is known as ketohexose as it contains six carbons with a ketone functional group.

To determine: The classification of sugars as aldohexoses, aldopentoses, ketohexoses or ketopentoses.