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If one hydrogen in a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen
a. n-pentane
b. 2-methylbutane
c. 2,4-dimethylpentane
d. methylcyclobutane
(a)
Interpretation: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen atom in each of the given compound is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Concept introduction: Structural isomerism occurs when two compounds have same number of atoms but the spatial arrangement of the atoms is different from each other. If one hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exists for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon.
To determine: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen in n-pentane is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Answer to Problem 45E
Answer
Three isomers are obtained when one hydrogen atom of n-pentane is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
The isomer is
The given compound n-pentane has five carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain. When hydrogen of first carbon of n-pentane is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 1
The isomer is
The given compound n-pentane has five carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain. When hydrogen of second carbon of n-pentane is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 2
The parent chain contains five carbon atom and chlorine group is attached to second carbon.
The compound
The isomer is
The given compound n-pentane have five carbon atoms in the longest carbon chain. When hydrogen of third carbon of n-pentane is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 3
The compound
(b)
Interpretation: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen atom in each of the given compound is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Concept introduction: Structural isomerism occurs when two compounds have same number of atoms but the spatial arrangement of the atoms is different from each other. If one hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exists for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon.
To determine: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen atom in
Answer to Problem 45E
Answer
Nine isomers are obtained when one hydrogen of
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 4
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 5
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 6
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 7
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 8
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 9
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 10
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 11
The isomer is
In the given compound,
Figure 12
(c)
Interpretation: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen atom in each of the given compound is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Concept introduction: Structural isomerism occurs when two compounds have same number of atoms but the spatial arrangement of the atoms is different from each other. If one hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exists for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon.
To determine: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen in
Answer to Problem 45E
Answer
Two isomers are obtained when one hydrogen of
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
The isomer is
The given compound
Figure 13
The isomer is
The given compound
Figure 14
(d)
Interpretation: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen atom in each of the given compound is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Concept introduction: Structural isomerism occurs when two compounds have same number of atoms but the spatial arrangement of the atoms is different from each other. If one hydrogen atom of a hydrocarbon is replaced by a halogen atom, the number of isomers that exists for the substituted compound depends on the number of types of hydrogen in the original hydrocarbon.
To determine: The number of isomers that can be obtained when one hydrogen in methylcyclobutane is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Answer to Problem 45E
Answer
Three isomers are obtained when one hydrogen of methylcyclobutane is replaced by a chlorine atom.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
The isomer is
In the given compound methylcyclobutane, the ring of four carbon atoms is considered as the parent chain. Methyl group is attached at first carbon. When hydrogen of the methyl group is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 15
The isomer is
In the given compound methylcyclobutane, the ring of four carbon atoms is considered as the parent chain. Methyl group is attached at first carbon. When hydrogen of the second carbon of the ring is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 16
The isomer is
In the given compound methylcyclobutane, the ring of four carbon atoms is considered as the parent chain. Methyl group is attached at first carbon. When hydrogen of the third carbon of the ring is replaced by chlorine atom, then the isomer named
Figure 17
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
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