Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a
To determine: An example reaction that would yield a primary alcohol.
(b)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield secondary alcohol.
(c)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield tertiary alcohol.
(d)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield aldehyde.
(e)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield ketone.
(f)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield carboxylic acid.
(g)
Interpretation: An example reaction that would yield the given products is to be stated.
Concept introduction: A functional group is a group of elements that changes the physical as well as chemical properties of a compound. They play a significant role in naming and reactivity of a chemical reaction. Some of the common examples of functional groups are alcohol, carboxylic acid, amine, aldehyde, ketone and many others.
To determine: An example reaction that would yield ester.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry: An Atoms First Approach
- Alcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanonearrow_forwardEsters are produced by a process which can be characterized as a. a condensation reaction. b. a hydrolysis reaction. c. the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids. d. both a hydrolysis reaction and the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids. e. both a condensation reaction and the reaction of alcohols with carboxylic acids.arrow_forwardDraw the structures of the following hydrocarbon derivatives. a. Butyl heptanoate b. 3-chloro-4-ethylbenzoic acid c. N,N-diethylpent-3-en-1-amine d. 4-methoxyhept-2-ene e. 3-ethyl-N,2-dimethylhexan-1-amidearrow_forward
- The dehydration of an alcohol produces which organic functional group and steam? a. alkyne b. aldehyde c. alkene d. ketone e. carboxylic acid and an alcoholarrow_forwardHow would you synthesize each of the following?a. 1,2-dibromopropane from propeneb. acetone (2-propanone) from an alcoholc. tert-butyl alcohol (2-methyl-2-propanol) from an alkene (See Exercise 62.)d. propanoic acid from an alcoholarrow_forwardPredict the functional group of the product for the following reaction. a. amide b. hemiacetal c. carboxylic acid d. acetal e. ester f. aldehyde g. alcoholarrow_forward
- Identify the organic functional groups and reaction type for the following reaction.The reactant is a(n)a. secondary alcohol and ketoneb. secondary alcohol and aldehydec. tertiary alcohol and ketoned. primary alcohol and ketonee. ether and carboxylic acidf. tertiary alcohol and aldehydeg. primary alcohol and aldehydeThe product is a(n)a. carboxylic acidsb. ketone and carbioxylic acidc. ether and carboxylic acidd. ketone and aldehydee. secondary alcohol and carboxylic acidf. secondary alcohol and ketoneThe reaction type is:a. hydrolysisb. reduction (hydrogenation)c. esterificationd. dehydratione. hydrationf. oxidationg. amide synthesisarrow_forwardDESCRIPTION Aldehydes and ketones are organic compounds which incorporate a carbonyl functional group, ??=??. Alcohol can be synthesized by the reduction of aldehydes and ketones. The reduction of formaldehyde forms methanol while the other aldehydes produce primary alcohols. Moreover, secondary alcohols can be produced from the reduction of ketones. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by hydride agents’ reaction, catalytic hydrogenation and Grignard reagents reduction. Heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation is the simplest method for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones into the corresponding alcohol, which is in huge demand. At present, metal catalysts are widely used in industry due to their high activity and low cost. TASK As a process engineer in a chemical manufacturing company, your team has been assigned to prepare the proposal on the process and suitable design of a reactor for catalytic hydrogenation of liquid aldehyde OR ketone into the desired alcohol based on the current…arrow_forwardIdentify the organic functional groups and reaction type for the following reaction.The reactant is a(n) a. amideb. aldehydec. alcohold. carboxylic acide. esterf. ketoneThe product is a(n)a. carboxylate ionb. ammonium ionc. alcohold. carboxylic acide. ketonef. aldehydeThe reaction type isa. hydrationb. esterificationc. hydrolysis (in acid)d. hydrolysis (in base)e. amide synthesisf. amide synthesisg. dehydrationh. acid basearrow_forward
- If an oxidation reaction occurs with an alcohol, what are you removing and what are you adding to your molecule?arrow_forwardAldehydes and ketones may be reduced to alkanes. O alcohols. esters. acids. ethers.arrow_forward6. Write the structure of the following compounds. a. 4 - ethyl - 2 - hexoneb. 2-ethyl - 3 – pentanoic acidarrow_forward
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