(a)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation for the conversion of given
Concept Introduction:
The name of the carboxylic acid itself implies that it is acidic. Addition of carboxylic acid to water results in ionization. Hydrogen ion transfer occurs from carboxylic acid to water and hydronium ion is formed. Carboxylate ion is also formed due to the loss of hydrogen ion from carboxylic acid.
Carboxylate ion is the negative ion which is formed when one or more acidic protons are lost from carboxylic acid. Similar to carboxylic acid it reacts with strong base to form carboxylic acid salt and water.
Carboxylic acid salts when treated with a strong acid produces carboxylic acid as the product.
Carboxylic acid forms carboxylic acid salt by reacting with a strong base. The general reaction scheme for the formation of carboxylic acid salt is given as shown below,
The reverse of the above reaction is conversion of carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid. This is accomplished by using strong acid. The scheme is shown below,
From the above chemical equation it is found that the carboxylic acid salt reacts with strong acid to form carboxylic acid.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
Given carboxylic acid salt is sodium butanoate. The structure of sodium butanoate can be given as shown below,
Carboxylic acid sat is converted to carboxylic acid by reaction with strong acid. In the problem statement it is given that the strong acid is
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid using hydrochloric acid is written.
(b)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to its parent carboxylic acid using
Concept Introduction:
The name of the carboxylic acid itself implies that it is acidic. Addition of carboxylic acid to water results in ionization. Hydrogen ion transfer occurs from carboxylic acid to water and hydronium ion is formed. Carboxylate ion is also formed due to the loss of hydrogen ion from carboxylic acid.
Carboxylate ion is the negative ion which is formed when one or more acidic protons are lost from carboxylic acid. Similar to carboxylic acid it reacts with strong base to form carboxylic acid salt and water.
Carboxylic acid salts when treated with a strong acid produces carboxylic acid as the product.
Carboxylic acid forms carboxylic acid salt by reacting with a strong base. The general reaction scheme for the formation of carboxylic acid salt is given as shown below,
The reverse of the above reaction is conversion of carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid. This is accomplished by using strong acid. The scheme is shown below,
From the above chemical equation it is found that the carboxylic acid salt reacts with strong acid to form carboxylic acid.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Given carboxylic acid salt is potassium oxalate. The structure of potassium oxalate can be given as shown below,
Carboxylic acid sat is converted to carboxylic acid by reaction with strong acid. In the problem statement it is given that the strong acid is
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid using hydrochloric acid is written.
(c)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to its parent carboxylic acid using
Concept Introduction:
The name of the carboxylic acid itself implies that it is acidic. Addition of carboxylic acid to water results in ionization. Hydrogen ion transfer occurs from carboxylic acid to water and hydronium ion is formed. Carboxylate ion is also formed due to the loss of hydrogen ion from carboxylic acid.
Carboxylate ion is the negative ion which is formed when one or more acidic protons are lost from carboxylic acid. Similar to carboxylic acid it reacts with strong base to form carboxylic acid salt and water.
Carboxylic acid salts when treated with a strong acid produces carboxylic acid as the product.
Carboxylic acid forms carboxylic acid salt by reacting with a strong base. The general reaction scheme for the formation of carboxylic acid salt is given as shown below,
The reverse of the above reaction is conversion of carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid. This is accomplished by using strong acid. The scheme is shown below,
From the above chemical equation it is found that the carboxylic acid salt reacts with strong acid to form carboxylic acid.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Given carboxylic acid salt is calcium malonate. The structure of calcium malonate can be given as shown below,
Carboxylic acid sat is converted to carboxylic acid by reaction with strong acid. In the problem statement it is given that the strong acid is
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid using hydrochloric acid is written.
(d)
Interpretation:
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to its parent carboxylic acid using
Concept Introduction:
The name of the carboxylic acid itself implies that it is acidic. Addition of carboxylic acid to water results in ionization. Hydrogen ion transfer occurs from carboxylic acid to water and hydronium ion is formed. Carboxylate ion is also formed due to the loss of hydrogen ion from carboxylic acid.
Carboxylate ion is the negative ion which is formed when one or more acidic protons are lost from carboxylic acid. Similar to carboxylic acid it reacts with strong base to form carboxylic acid salt and water.
Carboxylic acid salts when treated with a strong acid produces carboxylic acid as the product.
Carboxylic acid forms carboxylic acid salt by reacting with a strong base. The general reaction scheme for the formation of carboxylic acid salt is given as shown below,
The reverse of the above reaction is conversion of carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid. This is accomplished by using strong acid. The scheme is shown below,
From the above chemical equation it is found that the carboxylic acid salt reacts with strong acid to form carboxylic acid.
(d)
Explanation of Solution
Given carboxylic acid salt is sodium benzoate. The structure of sodium benzoate can be given as shown below,
Carboxylic acid sat is converted to carboxylic acid by reaction with strong acid. In the problem statement it is given that the strong acid is
Chemical equation for the conversion of given carboxylic acid salt to carboxylic acid using hydrochloric acid is written.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 16 Solutions
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
- Define physical properties of carboxylic acid derivatives ?arrow_forwardDraw structural formulas for the following entities. a. Propanoate ion b. Sodium propanoate c. Acetate ion d. Sodium acetatearrow_forwardList the following compounds in order of increasing water solubility: a.ethoxyethane b.propanoic acid c.pentane d.1 butanolarrow_forward
- Draw the products of acid–base reactions of carboxylic acidsarrow_forward4. The organic starting materials for the preparation of an ester could be C. a ketone and alcohol A an acid and alcohol B. water and oxygen D. alkane and aldehydearrow_forwardWhat is the class of organic compound that is produced when a carboxylic acid derivative undergoes hydrolysis? Carboxylic acid Alcohol Ester Acid Anhydridearrow_forward
- The esterification reaction of 1 mL each of 1-propanol and propanoic acid is catalyzed with 2-3 drops of sulfuric acid, which is then placed in a test tube in a hot-water bath. After 15 or more minutes, ice water was added. Propyl propanoate is formed. Write the complete equation for the reaction and describe the odor or 1-propanol, propanoic acid, and propyl propanoate.arrow_forwardName: 2) When water is introduced into an ester under high temperature conditions, esters are hydrolyzed into their carboxylic acid and alcohol components. Draw the structure of the resulting carboxylic acid and alcohol when the ester shown below is hydrolyzed. + H20 3) Why is it important that the test tube be thoroughly dry before making esters? Use the principles of chemical equilibrium to explain your answer.arrow_forwardWrite names and formulas for simple carboxylic acids.arrow_forward
- The smell produced by methanol with salicylic acid * fruity odor acrid smell O peppermint O bubblegumarrow_forward1. Which of the following structural features is possessed by aldehydes but not ketones? a. At least one hydroxyl group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. b. At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom. c. The carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms. d. The carbonyl carbon atom is part of a ring structure. 2. What is the IUPAC name of the following compound in the attached photo? a. 3-chloro-4-nitrobenzoic acid b. 2-chloro-4-carboxynitrobenzene c. 2-nitro-5-carboxychlorobenzene d. 2-chloro-1-nitro-4-benzoic acid 3. Which of the following is the correct bond-line structure for CH3C≡C(CH2)2CH(CH3)2? a. Structure I b. Structure II c. Structure III d. Structure IVarrow_forwardEster compounds often have a sweet, pleasant odor. Many characteristic fruit scents are largely due to the natural presence of one or more ester compounds. As such, artificial scents for foods are often composed of complex mixtures of various esters. The exact identity and ratio of ingredients that compose a particular scent are closely guarded secrets in the food and fragrance industry. Suppose that you are a chemist working for a company that i creating a new line of air fresheners. The company is considering three scents: apple, pear, and pineapple. The project manager has asked you to prepare the ester compounds that are largely responsible for these scents. The structural formulas for these ester compounds are shown here: Alcohols for Air Freshener Project Molar mass Density Cost, per (g/mL) Reagent (g/mol) 1.00 L methanol 32.04 0.79 $46.20 ethanol 46.07 0.79 $112.00 1-propanol 60.10 0.80 $72.70 1-butanol 74.12 0.81 $72.60 Use the structural formulas of the alcohols and…arrow_forward
- Organic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning