Concept explainers
Interpretation: The relationship between the H+ and OH- concentrations in a solution needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction: An aqueous solution produces both H+ and OH- ions. Depending on the higher concentration of the H+ or the OH- ion concentration, the solution is termed as an acid or a base.
Answer to Problem 2E
The H+ and the OH- concentrations in an aqueous solution are related by the ionic product of water, Kw as
Where the square brackets, [..] denote molar concentrations.
Explanation of Solution
Water is itself an electrolyte (when acidified) and ionizes as below.
The equilibrium constant for the above reaction is the ionic product of water, Kw and is given as
at
For an acidic solution, [H+] is high and thus, [OH-] is low as per the above expression. The reverse is true for a basic solution.
The H+ and OH- concentrations are related by the ionic product of water as
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