Chapter U1.10, Problem 3E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogen and the Noble gases in the periodic table need to be labeled.

Concept introduction:

Element is the basic unit of any substance which can combine with same or different elements to form molecules and compounds. Elements are composed of the same type of atoms therefore they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties.

The chemical reaction of two or more elements leads to the formation of new molecules and compounds.

Answer to Problem 3E

Explanation of Solution

In the long form of periodic table; alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogen and the Noble gases are name of certain groups. In periodic table, the vertical columns are called as groups.

Alkali metal = The IA or 1^st group is named as alkali metals as these metallic elements form alkaline oxides and hydroxides.

Alkaline earth metals = The IIA or 2^nd group is named as Alkaline earth metals as these metallic elements form alkaline compounds and are also found in Earth crust.

Halogens = It is VIIA or 17^th group of the periodic table. They are non-metallic elements.

Noble gases = These elements are placed in group 18^th or also called as zero group. They are non-reactive and monoatomic gases.

The position of these elements in the periodic table is as follows:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The main group elements, transition metal, Lanthanide and actinide needs to be shown in the periodic table.

Concept introduction:

Element is the basic unit of any substance which can combine with same or different elements to form molecules and compounds. Elements are composed of same type of atoms therefore they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties.

The chemical reaction of two or more elements leads to the formation of new molecules and compounds.

Answer to Problem 3E

Explanation of Solution

In periodic table, the vertical columns are called as groups and horizontal rows are period.

Transition metal = Transition metals are the elements in the periodic table which are placed from group IIIB to VIII B including IB and IIB groups.

Lanthanide = These are the f-block elements which are placed at the bottom of main body. It is a series of 14 elements where electrons are filled in 4f orbitals.

Actinide = These are the f-block elements which are placed at the bottom of main body. It is series of 14 elements where electrons are filled in 5f orbitals.

The position of these elements in the periodic table is given below: