Chapter U1, Problem 22STP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The statement that correctly identifies the type of bonding in the listed compound needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Molecules are always formed and held together by the different type of chemical bond.

(Like covalent bond, Electrostatic bond)

Answer to Problem 22STP

(B)

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct option:

CO₂ is a covalent compound because it shares electron to form covalent bonds.

Carbon has the Electronic Configuration = $\text{C}=1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^2$

A carbon atom has 4 valency or 4 valence electrons.

Oxygen has the Electronic Configuration = $\text{O}=1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^4$

Oxygen has 6 valency or 6 valence electrons.

This molecule forms a double covalent bond formed by the one carbon atom and 2 oxygen atoms. Where 2 electrons from each atom form 4- bonding electrons system by sharing their electron/s. So, they form a covalent compound.

Conclusion

Reasons for incorrect options:

(A)In MgCl₂, there is no sharing of electrons but losing and gaining of electrons occur so there is an ionic or electrostatic bond that exists in the compound. Diagram-1 is not showing the sharing of electrons.

(C)In model-4 no sharing of electrons occurs.

(D) In Model 4 there is no sharing of electron takes place. Nitrogen is a diatomic molecule and has 5 valance electrons. Each N atom needs 3 electrons to complete their valance shells. So, it shares 3 electrons with another nitrogen atom to form triple form. But in this diagram, the N₂ is entirely distributed in the incorrect substance.