Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined. Concept introduction: Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

For each reaction shown below follow the curved arrows to complete each equationby showing the structure of the products. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugated acid andconjugated base. Consutl the pKa table and choose the direciton theequilibrium goes. However show the curved arrows. Please explain if possible.

A molecule shows peaks at 1379, 1327, 1249, 739 cm-1. Draw a diagram of the energy levels for such a molecule. Draw arrows for the possible transitions that could occur for the molecule. In the diagram imagine exciting an electron, what are its various options for getting back to the ground state? What process would promote radiation less decay? What do you expect for the lifetime of an electron in the T1 state? Why is phosphorescence emission weak in most substances? What could you do to a sample to enhance the likelihood that phosphorescence would occur over radiationless decay?

Rank the indicated C—C bonds in increasing order of bond length. Explain as why to the difference.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C = O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in ketones is placed somewhere in the middle of the molecular structure, which means, the C=O is attached to two alkyl groups or benzene rings. Just like all other homologous series, the naming of ketones is done using a common suffix “-one”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O. Functional group of a ketone

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 25.72EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetyl CoA is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA (HMG-CoA) is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether acetoacetate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether β-hydroxybutyrate is (1) a reactant but not a product, (2) a product but not a reactant, or (3) a reactant in one step and a product in another step in ketogenesis has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Ketone bodies are water-soluble molecules which are synthesized from acetyl CoA through the process of ketogenesis. Ketogenesis occurs in the mitochondria of the liver cells. The initial reactants are the molecules of acetyl CoA which are produced by the β-oxidation of fatty acid molecules. Ketogenesis involves 4 reaction steps. The first and second step involves condensation, the third step is chain cleavage, and the fourth step is hydrogenation. The molecules formed at the end of each reaction step have a different carbon chain length.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 17

Ch. 25.1 - Which of the following statements about digestion...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.1 - The major function of bile released during...Ch. 25.1 - The two major products of triacylglycerol...Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 5QQ Ch. 25.2 - Hormone-sensitive lipase needed for...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 25.2 - Which of the following is not a product of...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 25.3 - What is the intermediate compound in the two-step...

Solution Summary: The author explains that acetoacetyl CoA is a reactant and product in ketogenesis.

Concept explainers

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 25 Solutions