Chapter 21.1, Problem 6SSC

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A hypothesis should be formed that explains the reason of reaction of hydrogen with oils.

Concept introduction:

The chemical reaction between hydrogen, H₂ and another element or compound, generally in presence of some catalyst is said to be hydrogenation. In hydrocarbons, the hydrogenation reaction is used to reduce the multiple bonds that is double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons and results in formation of saturated hydrocarbons.

Explanation of Solution

The hydrogenated vegetable oil is produced by reacting oils with hydrogen, H₂ over a catalyst (such as nickel, platinum, or palladium). In this reaction, the unsaturated hydrocarbons are converted to saturated hydrocarbons. This process changes the liquid vegetable oil to a hard spread and thus, helps in preventing the spoilage from oxidation.