Chapter 21, Problem 92A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using given table, a statement needs to be constructed that explains the relationship between number of carbon atoms of the alkane series and boiling point of the members.

Concept introduction:

The temperature at which a liquid substance becomes gas is said to be boiling point. At this temperature, the pressure surrounding the liquid and vapor pressure of the liquid becomes equal.

Explanation of Solution

Given:

The table:

From the given table it can be observed that the methane containing one carbon atom has lowest boiling point, and decane containing 10 carbon atoms has highest boiling point, The increase in boiling point is observed with increase in number of carbon atoms in alkanes. The intermolecular force of attraction between the alkanes is Van der Waals attraction which increases with increase in surface area of the interacting electron clouds and hence, the large molecule is decane has greater surface area of electron clouds and have greater boiling point.