Chapter 21, Problem 58A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept introduction:

When the carbon atoms of hydrocarbons are arranged in such a way that it results in the formation of ring then it is said to be cycloalkanes.

Answer to Problem 58A

1, 2, 4-trimethylcyclohexane.

Explanation of Solution

In order to give the name to the cycloalkane following steps are followed:

1. The parent (longest) continuous carbon chain is identified.

2. The prefix -cyclo is used before the name of alkane for a ring.

3. If the attached alkyl chain possesses greater number of carbon atoms, then alkyl chain is considered as primary parent chain.

4. Name should be written in alphabetical order and numbering should be done in such a way that the substituent group gets lowest number.

5. Hyphen is used to connect the number to the name.

The given structure is:

The parent chain contains a ring of six carbon atoms and 3 substituents so numbering is done in such a way that substituent gets lower number as shown:

Since, the parent chain contains a ring of six carbon atoms and only single bonds are present so, the parent chain is cyclohexane. Since, the substituent, ${\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ are present at 1, 2 and 4 so, the IUPAC name is 1, 2, 4-trimethylcyclohexane.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept introduction:

When the carbon atoms of hydrocarbons are arranged in such a way that it results in the formation of ring then it is said to be cycloalkanes.

Answer to Problem 58A

1-ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is:

The parent chain contains a ring of five carbon atoms and 2 substituents so numbering is done in such a way that substituent gets lower number as shown:

Since, the parent chain contains a ring of five carbon atoms and only single bonds are present so, the parent chain is cyclopentane. Since, the substituent, ${\text{-CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ is present at position 1 and ${\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ is present at 3 so, the IUPAC name is 1-ethyl-3-methylcyclopentane.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept introduction:

When the carbon atoms of hydrocarbons are arranged in such a way that it results in the formation of ring then it is said to be cycloalkanes.

Answer to Problem 58A

1-methyl-3-propylcyclobutane.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is:

The parent chain contains a ring of four carbon atoms and 2 substituents so numbering is done in such a way that substituent gets lower number as shown:

Since, the parent chain contains a ring of four carbon atoms and only single bonds are present so, the parent chain is cyclobutane. Since, the substituent, ${\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ is present at 1 and ${\text{-CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ is present at position 3 and so, the IUPAC name is 1-methyl-3-propylcyclobutane.

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The name of the following compound should be determined:

Concept introduction:

When the carbon atoms of hydrocarbons are arranged in such a way that it results in the formation of ring then it is said to be cycloalkanes.

Answer to Problem 58A

6-ethyl-1, 2, 3-trimethylcyclooctane.

Explanation of Solution

The given structure is:

The parent chain contains a ring of eight carbon atoms and 4 substituents so numbering is done in such a way that substituent gets lower number as shown:

Since, the parent chain contains a ring of eight carbon atoms and only single bonds are present so, the parent chain is cyclooctane. Since, the substituent, 3 ${\text{-CH}}_{\text{3}}$ are present at 1, 2 and 3 and ${\text{-CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ is present at position 6 and so, the IUPAC name is 6-ethyl-1, 2, 3-trimethylcyclooctane.