Chapter U4.21, Problem 2E

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A neutralization reaction must be explained.

Concept introduction:

Acids and bases react to produce salt and water. This is known as neutralization reaction.

Answer to Problem 2E

Acids and bases react to destroy each other either partially or completely. This reaction of acid and base is known as neutralization reaction.

Explanation of Solution

Let’s consider one strong acid HCl is reacting with a strong base NaOH.

The reaction is shown below.

  $\text{HCl}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+NaOH}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{=NaCl}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{.}$

If the amount of HCl and NaOH are taken to be same, then these two will react completely to produce NaCl and water. There will be no residual acid or base. This is a case of complete neutralization. If any of the amounts of acid or base is less, then it will be partial neutralization.