Chapter U4.20, Problem 1TAI

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The effect of dilution on acids and bases must be explained.

Concept introduction:

Dilution of acids and bases decreases concentration of both H+ and OH- .

The relation between pH and pOH with hydrogen ion and hydroxide ion concentration respectively is as follows:

  $\begin{array}{l}\text{pH=-log }\left[{\text{H}}^{\text{+}}\right]\hfill \\ \text{pOH=-log }\left[{\text{OH}}^{\text{-}}\right]\hfill \end{array}$

Answer to Problem 1TAI

Dilution of acid solution increases pH and dilution of bases decreases pH.

Explanation of Solution

As concentration of [H⁺] is inversely proportional to pH so dilution of acid solution will increase the pH. Acidity will gradually decrease and the solution will be approaching towards neutral solution.

The pH of solution is directly proportional to [OH^-]. Thus, decreasing the concentration of [OH^-] by dilution will decrease the basic pH and the solution will be approaching towards neutral pH.