The number of hydrogens present in Loratadine, C 22 H ? ClN 2 O 2 , which has four rings and eight double bonds. Concept introduction: Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane . Hence two hydrogens are to be added for each to arrive at the molecular formula of the parent alkane. Further, if the molecular formula of a compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be subtracted from the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, in arriving at the number of hydrogens. To determine: The number of hydrogens present in loratadine, C 22 H ? ClN 2 O 2 , which has four rings and eight double bonds.

Question

5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15% glycerin by weight. If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate; e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt). f. Moles of CO2 evolved. g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed. h. Conversion efficiency. i. Per cent excess of excess reactant. Reactions: Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6 Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3

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Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 36AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of hydrogens present in Loratadine, C₂₂H_?ClN₂O₂, which has four rings and eight double bonds.

Concept introduction:

Each ring or a double bond in a molecule corresponds to a loss of two hydrogens from the formula of alkane. Hence two hydrogens are to be added for each to arrive at the molecular formula of the parent alkane. Further, if the molecular formula of a compound contains halogens, oxygen and/or nitrogen, then the number of halogens is to be subtracted from the number of hydrogens, the number of oxygens to be ignored and number of the nitrogens is to be added to the number of hydrogens, in arriving at the number of hydrogens.

To determine:

The number of hydrogens present in loratadine, C₂₂H_?ClN₂O₂, which has four rings and eight double bonds.

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5. A solution of sucrose is fermented in a vessel until the evolution of CO2 ceases. Then, the product solution is analyzed and found to contain, 45% ethanol; 5% acetic acid; and 15% glycerin by weight. If the original charge is 500 kg, evaluate; e. The ratio of sucrose to water in the original charge (wt/wt). f. Moles of CO2 evolved. g. Maximum possible amount of ethanol that could be formed. h. Conversion efficiency. i. Per cent excess of excess reactant. Reactions: Inversion reaction: C12H22O11 + H2O →2C6H12O6 Fermentation reaction: C6H12O6 →→2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Formation of acetic acid and glycerin: C6H12O6 + C2H5OH + H₂O→ CH3COOH + 2C3H8O3

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