a) Interpretation: The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement. Concept introduction: In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide. To predict: The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Question

Draw the product and mechanism for the reaction below. Include all major resonance structures.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

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Draw the product and mechanism for the reaction below. Include all major resonance structures.

Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic step(s). Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond- making steps. Drawing Arrows C H HH :CHO ww M

Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved electron-pushing arrows for the following reaction or mechanistic steps. Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making steps. H H y H H ✪ I CH3OH heat CH3OH heat HH H : Br: O CH3OH heat Drawing Arrows

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 27MP

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the hydrogen of the alkyl halide to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give another more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The product and the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Concept introduction:

In electrophilic addition reactions, the first step is the attack of the π electrons of the double bond on the H+ of the acid to yield a carbocation. One of the carbon in C=C gets attached to hydrogen while the other acquires a positive charge. In the second step, the carbocation formed can rearrange to give a more stable carbocation either by a hydride shift (shift of hydrogen atom with its electron pair) or by an alkyl shift (shift of an alkyl group with its electron pair) between neighboring carbons. In the last step the carbocation produced reacts with the halide ion to give the alkyl halide.

To predict:

The product and to show the complete arrow-pushing mechanism for the electrophilic reaction given which involves a carbocation rearrangement.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

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