a) Interpretation: The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated. Concept introduction: The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp 3 -sp 2 bonds is more stable. To name: The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Question

CH3 to Br- -H + Nal • product; Sy2 product of the reaction is : Аcetone H- -CH3 CH2 – CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 it it -H H- -CH3 (d) -CH3 -H- (а) H• (Ъ) H- -CH3 -CH3 (с) H- CH -H- ČH2 – CH3 ČH2 – CH3 CH2 – CH3 CH2- CH3 2.

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

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CH3 to Br- -H + Nal • product; Sy2 product of the reaction is : Аcetone H- -CH3 CH2 – CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 it it -H H- -CH3 (d) -CH3 -H- (а) H• (Ъ) H- -CH3 -CH3 (с) H- CH -H- ČH2 – CH3 ČH2 – CH3 CH2 – CH3 CH2- CH3 2.

A tautometric keto (A) – enol(B) equilibrium may be formulated as follows (A) (B) CH3 – COH ß-----------àCH2 – CHOH Given the following bond energies: C – H = 435kJ mol-1 C – C = 368 C==C = 610 C – O = 357 kJmol-1 C==O = 748 kJmol-1 O – H = 462 kJ mol-1 Calculate the enthalpy change in going from Keto form (A) to the enol form (B)

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.6, Problem 15P

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. The stability of alkenes can be explained using the concept of hyperconjucation or based on the bond strengths. Further a compound with more number of sp³-sp² bonds is more stable.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent. Among cis and trans isomers, the cis isomer is less stable than the trans isomer, because of the steric strain between the two larger substituents on the same side of the double bond.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

c)

Interpretation:

The names of the alkenes given are to be given. Among the two compounds which is more stable also is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. The stability of cycloalkenes can be explained using the concept of hyper conjucation or based on the bond strengths.

To name:

The alkene given and to state which is more stable.

Answer 12

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Answer 23

Ch. 7.2 - Calculate the degree of unsaturation in each of...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 2P Ch. 7.2 - Diazepam, marketed as an antianxiety medication...Ch. 7.3 - Give IUPAC names for the following compounds:Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6P Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 9P Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the names of the alkenes given and the two compounds which are more stable.

Chapter 7 Solutions