a) Interpretation: To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure. Concept introduction: The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name. In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown. To name: The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

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Part II. Given two isomers: 2-methylpentane (A) and 2,2-dimethyl butane (B) answer the following: (a) match structures of isomers given their mass spectra below (spectra A and spectra B) (b) Draw the fragments given the following prominent peaks from each spectrum: Spectra A m/2 =43 and 1/2-57 spectra B m/2 = 43 (c) why is 1/2=57 peak in spectrum A more intense compared to the same peak in spectrum B. Relative abundance Relative abundance 100 A 50 29 29 0 10 -0 -0 100 B 50 720 30 41 43 57 71 4-0 40 50 60 70 m/z 43 57 8-0 m/z = 86 M 90 100 71 m/z = 86 M -O 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 -88 m/z 90 100

Part IV. C6H5 CH2CH2OH is an aromatic compound which was subjected to Electron Ionization - mass spectrometry (El-MS) analysis. Prominent m/2 values: m/2 = 104 and m/2 = 9) was obtained. Draw the structures of these fragments.

For each reaction shown below follow the curved arrows to complete each equationby showing the structure of the products. Identify the acid, the base, the conjugated acid andconjugated base. Consutl the pKa table and choose the direciton theequilibrium goes. However show the curved arrows. Please explain if possible.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

Answer 6

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Answer 7

Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC

Interpretation Introduction

a)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 2

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C₂ and C₃ and three methyl substituents on C₂, C₄ and C₅. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.

Answer 13

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 3

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.

Conclusion

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 6

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

b)

Interpretation:

To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Concept introduction:

The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C₁ & C₂ and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C₁ & C₂. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.

In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.

To name:

The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.

Answer 16

Expert Solution

Answer to Problem 22VC

The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,

Organic Chemistry, Chapter 7.SE, Problem 22VC , additional homework tip 5

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

Expert Solution

Answer 19

Expert Solution

Answer 20

Explanation of Solution

The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C₁ and two methyl groups both on C₃. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.