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Species A is evaporating from a flat surface into species B. Assume that the concentration profile for species A in the concentration boundary layer is of the form
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Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
- 6. A sheet of steel 1.5 mm thick has nitrogen atmospheres on both sides at 1200C and is permitted to achieve a steady-state diffusion condition. The diffusion coefficient for nitrogen in steel at this temperature is 6 10-11 m2/s, and the diffusion flux is found to be 1.2 10-7 kg/m2-s. Also, it is known that the concentration of nitrogen in the steel at the high-pressure surface is 4 kg/m3. How far into the sheet from this high-pressure side will the concentration be 2.0 kg/m3? Assume a linear concentration profile.arrow_forwardState and explain Fick's Law of mass transfer by molecular diffusion. Show that Fick's law of diffusion is analogous to Fourier's law of heat conduction and Newton's law of viscosity.arrow_forwardIf the average velocity of molecules in a gas is 104 cm/s and the mean free path is 10-5 cm then the diffusion coefficient is: O a. 5x10-2 cm2/s O b. 5X10-5 cm2/S O c. 5x10-3 cm²/s O d. 5X10-4 cm²/sarrow_forward
- Find the diffusitivity of air in methane and the molecular diffusion of methane, if the tank filled with a mixture of methane and air at 102 kPa and 25 ⁰C is connected to another large tank filled with a different composition of methane and air also at 102 kPa and 25 ⁰C. The connection between the tanks is a tube with an inner diameter of 50 mm and length of 150 mm. The concentration of methane in one tank is 90% by mole and in the other, 5% by mole.arrow_forwardThis question is related to heat and mass transfer subjectarrow_forwardThe diffusion coefficients for carbon in nickel are given at two temperatures: T("C) D(m2/s) 600 5.5 x 10-14 700 3.9 x 10-13 (a) Determine the value of Do. i m2/s (Use scientific notation.) (b) Determine the value of Qd. kJ/mol (c) What is the magnitude of D? at 860°C. i m2/s (Use scientific notation.)arrow_forward
- A tanker ship is transporting 0.798 kg/m3 of a rare gas in its tank. After the fill-up, the 1.94 m long pipe used to fill the tank was left open for 10.4 hours. In that time, 11.7 x10-4 kg of the gas diffuses out of the tank, almost nothing compared to the original quantity of gas in the tank. If the concentration of that gas in our atmosphere is typically zero, and the diffusion constant of that gas is 2.13 x10-5 m2/s, what is the cross-sectional area of the pipe?arrow_forwardThe surface of a solid sphere is covered by a monolayer of receptors for a ligand. When the ligands diffuse to the surface of the sphere, they are captured instantaneously by the receptors. The ligand diffusion coefficient is 4.8*10-9m2/s. Assume the bulk concentration far away from the sphere is constant of 1.2nM and the sphere radius is 2.8 μm. (a) Find the ligand concentration C at the location of r=2.7 μm at steady state, where r is the distance to the surface of the sphere. Please enter the numerical value with a unit of nM.arrow_forward• Consider the radial diffusion of a gaseous species (A) through the wall of a plastic tube (B), and allow for chemical reactions that provide for the depletion of A at a rate N' A (kmol · s-1. m-3 ). Derive a differential equation that governs the molar concentration of species A in the plastic.arrow_forward
- In a paint manufacturing process, two different colored paints are being mixed in an infinitelylarge drum.Paint A, with a concentration of 30% pigment, is pumped into the drum at a rate of 10 liters perminute.Paint B, with a concentration of 17% pigment, is pumped into the drum at a rate of 17 liters perminute.Both paints have the same density of 1.0 kg/liter.If the mixture is continuously stirrred and drained from the drum at a rate of 22 liters perminute, what is the concentration of pigment in the resulting mixture as a percentage?arrow_forwardBriefly discuss the role and purpose of heat and mass transfer in engineering and provide any two examples of heat and mass transfer applications,arrow_forwardAt room temperature, what fraction of the nitrogen molecules in the air are moving at less than 300 m/s?arrow_forward
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