Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780470917855
Author: Bergman, Theodore L./
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.72P
(a)
To determine
The heat fluxes associated with convection,
(b)
To determine
The reason that the calculation suggests the concrete is wet instead of dry with explanation.
(c)
To determine
Whether the heat is flowing from the liquid layer to the concrete, or from the concrete to the liquid layer and also the heat flux by conduction into or out of the concrete.
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Heat Transfer Lesson
The water will be heated from 10 (Degrees centigrade oC) to 90 (Degrees centigrade oC) while flowing through a smooth pipe with 1.5 cm inner diameter and 7 meters length.The entire surface of the pipe is equipped with an electric heater, which ensures uniform heating throughout.The outer surface of the heater is well insulated and therefore all heat generated in the heater in continuous operation is transferred to the water in the pipe.If the system provides 6 Liter / minute flow rate of hot water.
(Thermophysical properties of water at 50 oC:ρ = 988 m3/kg, k= 0.6305 W/m oC, cp=4181 J/kg oC, Pr=3.628, μ= 0.0005471 kg/m.s )
a)Find the power of the resistance heater [W].
b)Calculate the inner surface temperature [oC] of the pipe at the outlet.
c)Find the pressure drop [Pa].
d)Find the pump power [W] required to overcome this pressure drop.
Heat Transfer Question. Please explain step by step for the better understanding, thanks.
After the sinking of RMS Titanic, US operated the International Ice patrol with the purpose of monitoring the presence and movements of icebergs in the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. Once, they observed a unique tabular iceberg in a form of a rectangle (250 km x 50 km x 300 m). The sun is the only source of heat and the ice absorbs a mean of 98 J/m2-s, 12.5 hrs per day. The exposed area for heating is 250 km x 50 km and the density is 920 kg/m3.
Which of the following statements is/are correct based on the above description? Check all that apply.
The heat involved are both latent and sensible heats.
The mass of the iceberg can be determined from the given density and dimensions.
The heat involved is latent heat only.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer
Ch. 6 - The temperature distribution within a laminar...Ch. 6 - In flow over a surface, velocity and temperature...Ch. 6 - In a particular application involving airflow over...Ch. 6 - Water at a temperature of T=25C flows over one of...Ch. 6 - For laminar flow over a flat plate, the local heat...Ch. 6 - A flat plate is of planar dimension 1m0.75m. For...Ch. 6 - Parallel flow of atmospheric air over a flat plate...Ch. 6 - For laminar free convection from a heated vertical...Ch. 6 - A circular. hot gas jet at T is directed normal to...Ch. 6 - Experiments have been conducted to determine local...
Ch. 6 - A concentrating solar collector consists of a...Ch. 6 - Air at a free stream temperature of T=20C is in...Ch. 6 - The heat transfer rate per unit width (normal to...Ch. 6 - Experiments to determine the local convection heat...Ch. 6 - An experimental procedure for validating results...Ch. 6 - If laminar flow is induced at the surface of a...Ch. 6 - Consider the rotating disk of Problem 6.16. A...Ch. 6 - Consider airflow over a flat plate of length L=1m...Ch. 6 - A fan that can provide air speeds up to 50 m/s is...Ch. 6 - Consider the flow conditions of Example 6.4 for...Ch. 6 - Assuming a transition Reynolds number of 5105,...Ch. 6 - To a good approximation, the dynamic viscosity the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.23PCh. 6 - Consider a laminar boundary layer developing over...Ch. 6 - Consider a laminar boundary layer developing over...Ch. 6 - Experiments have shown that the transition from...Ch. 6 - An object of irregular shape has a characteristic...Ch. 6 - Experiments have shown that, for airflow at T=35C...Ch. 6 - Experimental measurements of the convection heat...Ch. 6 - To assess the efficacy of different liquids for...Ch. 6 - Gases are often used instead of liquids to cool...Ch. 6 - Experimental results for heat transfer over a flat...Ch. 6 - Consider conditions for which a fluid with a free...Ch. 6 - Consider the nanofluid of Example 2.2. Calculate...Ch. 6 - For flow over a flat plate of length L, the local...Ch. 6 - For laminar boundary layer flow over a flat plate...Ch. 6 - Sketch the variation of the velocity and thermal...Ch. 6 - Consider parallel flow over a flat plate for air...Ch. 6 - Forced air at T=25C and V=10m/s is used to cool...Ch. 6 - Consider the electronic elements that are cooled...Ch. 6 - Consider the chip on the circuit board of Problem...Ch. 6 - A major contributor to product defects in...Ch. 6 - A microscale detector monitors a steady flow...Ch. 6 - A thin, flat plate that is 0.2m0.2m on a side is...Ch. 6 - Atmospheric air is in parallel flow...Ch. 6 - Determine the drag force imparted to the top...Ch. 6 - For flow over a flat plate with an extremely rough...Ch. 6 - A thin, flat plate that is 0.2m0.2m on a side with...Ch. 6 - As a means of preventing ice formation on the...Ch. 6 - A circuit board with a dense distribution of...Ch. 6 - On a summer day the air temperature is 27C and the...Ch. 6 - It is observed that a 230-mm-diameter pan of water...Ch. 6 - The rate at which water is lost because of...Ch. 6 - Photosynthesis, as it occurs in the leaves of a...Ch. 6 - Species A is evaporating from a flat surface into...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.57PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.58PCh. 6 - An object of irregular shape has a characteristic...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.60PCh. 6 - An object of irregular shape 1 m long maintained...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.62PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.63PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.64PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.65PCh. 6 - A streamlined strut supporting a bearing housing...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.67PCh. 6 - Consider the conditions of Problem 6.7, for which...Ch. 6 - Using the naphthalene sublimation technique. the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.70PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.71PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.72PCh. 6 - Dry air at 32C flows over a wetted (water) plate...Ch. 6 - Dry air at 32C flows over a wetted plate of length...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.75PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.76PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.77PCh. 6 - An expression for the actual water vapor partial...Ch. 6 - A mist cooler is used to provide relief for a...Ch. 6 - A wet-bulb thermometer consists of a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.81PCh. 6 - Prob. 6.83PCh. 6 - An experiment is conducted to determine the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.85PCh. 6 - Consider the control volume shown for the special...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6S.2PCh. 6 - Prob. 6S.3PCh. 6 - Consider two large (infinite) parallel plates, 5...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6S.5PCh. 6 - Consider Couette flow for which the moving plate...Ch. 6 - A shaft with a diameter of 100 mm rotates at 9000...Ch. 6 - Consider the problem of steady, incompressible...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6S.11PCh. 6 - A simple scheme for desalination involves...Ch. 6 - Consider the conservation equations (6S.24) and...
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- Using Table 1.4 as a guide, prepare a similar table showing the orders of magnitude of the thermal resistances of a unit area for convection between a surface and various fluids.arrow_forwardThe heat transfer coefficient for a gas flowing over a thin float plate 3-m long and 0.3-m wide varies with distance from the leading edge according to hc(x)=10x1/4Wm2K If the plate temperature is 170C and the gas temperature is 30C, calculate (a) the average heat transfer coefficient, (b) the rate of heat transfer between the plate and the gas, and (c) the local heat flux 2 m from the leading edge. Problem 1.18arrow_forward1.15 A thermocouple (0.8-mm-diameter wire) used to measure the temperature of the quiescent gas in a furnace gives a reading of . It is known, however, that the rate of radiant heat flow per meter length from the hotter furnace walls to the thermocouple wire is 1.1 W/m and the convection heat transfer coefficient between the wire and the gas is K. With this information, estimate the true gas temperature. State your assumptions and indicate the equations used.arrow_forward
- A person wearing a heavy parka is standing in a cold wind. Describe the modes of heat transfer determining heart loss from the person's body.arrow_forwardOne end of a 0.3-m-long steel rod is connected to a wall at 204C. The other end is connected to a wall that is maintained at 93C. Air is blown across the rod so that a heat transfer coefficient of 17W/m2 K is maintained over the entire surface. If the diameter of the rod is 5 cm and the temperature of the air is 38C, what is the net rate of heat loss to the air?arrow_forwardThe heat transfer rate from hot air by convection at 100C flowing over one side of a flat plate with dimensions 0.1m0.5m is determined to be 125 W when the surface of the plate is kept at 30C. What is the average convection heat transfer coefficient between the plate and the air?arrow_forward
- 1.4 To measure thermal conductivity, two similar 1-cm-thick specimens are placed in the apparatus shown in the accompanying sketch. Electric current is supplied to the guard heater, and a wattmeter shows that the power dissipation is 10 W. Thermocouples attached to the warmer and to the cooler surfaces show temperatures of 322 and 300 K, respectively. Calculate the thermal conductivity of the material at the mean temperature in W/m K. Problem 1.4arrow_forward2.3 The shield of a nuclear reactor is idealized by a large 25-cm-thick flat plate having a thermal conductivity of . Radiation from the interior of the reactor penetrates the shield and there produces heat generation that decreases exponentially from a value of at the inner surface to a value of at a distance of 12.5 cm from the interior surface. If the exterior surface is kept at 38°C by forced convection, determine the temperature at the inner surface of the field. Hint: First set up the differential equation for a system in which the heat generation rate varies according to .arrow_forwardBoth ends of a 0.6-cm copper U-shaped rod are rigidly affixed to a vertical wall as shown in the accompanying sketch. The temperature of the wall is maintained at 93C. The developed length of the rod is 0.6 m, and it is exposed to air at 38C. The combined radiation and convection heat transfer coefficient for this system is 34W/m2K. (a) Calculate the temperature of the midpoint of the rod. (b) What will the rate of heat transfer from the rod be?arrow_forward
- A 0.6-cm diameter mild steel rod at 38C is suddenly immersed in a liquid at 93C with hc=110W/m2K. Determine the time required for the rod to warm to 88C.arrow_forwardAn electrical transmission line of 1.2-cm diameter carries a current of 200 amps and has a resistance of 310-4 ohm per meter of length. If the air around this line is at v, determine the surface temperature on a windy day, assuming a wind blows across the line at 33 km/h.arrow_forward1.13 If the outer air temperature in Problem is –2°C, calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient between the outer surface of the window and the air, assuming radiation is negligible.arrow_forward
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