Chapter 5, Problem 56A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is to be represented.

Concept Introduction: Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

Answer to Problem 56A

The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is $\text{Ar}$ .

The element is Argon.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

The Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule are three rules that can be used to determine the electronic configuration of atoms.

The energy levels and symbols for each sub-level occupied by an electron are written for an atom's electrical configuration.

Each sub-level is superscripted with the number of electrons occupied. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the sum of the superscripts.

The order of orbital filling of the atoms is given as

  $1s,2s,3p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f,6d,7p$

Where, s orbitals accommodate 2 electrons, p orbitals 6 electrons, d orbitals 10 electrons, and f orbitals 14 electrons.

The given electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6$ .

To find the symbol of the atom, add on the superscripts of the electronic configuration.

  $\begin{array}{c}1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^6=2+2+6+2+6\\ =18\end{array}$

The element with atomic number 18 is Argon. Its symbol is $\text{Ar}$ .

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is to be represented.

Concept Introduction: Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

Answer to Problem 56A

The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is $\text{Ru}$ .

The element is Ruthenium.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

The Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule are three rules that can be used to determine the electronic configuration of atoms.

The energy levels and symbols for each sub-level occupied by an electron are written for an atom's electrical configuration.

Each sub-level is superscripted with the number of electrons occupied. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the sum of the superscripts.

The order of orbital filling of the atoms is given as

  $1s,2s,3p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f,6d,7p$

Where, s orbitals accommodate 2 electrons, p orbitals 6 electrons, d orbitals 10 electrons, and f orbitals 14 electrons.

The given electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}4d^{7}5s^1$ .

To find the symbol of the atom, add on the superscripts of the electronic configuration.

  $\begin{array}{c}1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}4d^{7}5s^1=2+2+6+2+6+10+2+6+7+1\\ =44\end{array}$

The element with atomic number 44 is Ruthenium. Its symbol is $\text{Ru}$ .

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is to be represented.

Concept Introduction: Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

Answer to Problem 56A

The symbol for the atoms that correspond to electron configuration is $\text{Gd}$ .

The element is Gadolinium.

Explanation of Solution

Electronic configurations refer to the arrangements of electrons in different orbitals around atoms' nuclei.

The Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund's rule are three rules that can be used to determine the electronic configuration of atoms.

The energy levels and symbols for each sub-level occupied by an electron are written for an atom's electrical configuration.

Each sub-level is superscripted with the number of electrons occupied. The number of electrons in an atom is equal to the sum of the superscripts.

The order of orbital filling of the atoms is given as

  $1s,2s,3p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p,5s,4d,5p,6s,4f,5d,6p,7s,5f,6d,7p$

Where, s orbitals accommodate 2 electrons, p orbitals 6 electrons, d orbitals 10 electrons, and f orbitals 14 electrons.

The given electronic configuration is $1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}4d^{10}4f^{7}5s^{2}5p^{6}5d^{1}6s^2$ .

To find the symbol of the atom, add on the superscripts of the electronic configuration.

  $\begin{array}{c}1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}3d^{10}4s^{2}4p^{6}4d^{10}4f^{7}5s^{2}5p^{6}5d^{1}6s^2=2+2+6+2+6+10+2+6+10+7+2+6+1+2\\ =64\end{array}$

The element with atomic number 64 is Gadolinium. Its symbol is $\text{Gd}$ .