Chapter 5, Problem 104A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: From the given options, the essential part of Dalton's atomic model is to be explained.

Concept Introduction: John Dalton, an English physicist, and chemist, proposed his atomic theory in $1808$ as a scientific explanation for the nature of matter.

Answer to Problem 104A

Dalton's atomic theory includes five postulates regarding atoms and their characteristics and behavior but none regarding electrons, neutrons, or atomic nuclei. Hence the correct answer is a) indivisible atoms.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for true statement:

Dalton's atomic model has five postulates:

1. All matter is composed of tiny particles known as atoms.
2. Atoms are both indivisible and indestructible.
3. All atoms of a specific element possess the same attributes, including weight.
4. Atoms of various elements have varying masses.
5. When atoms of various elements combine to create compounds, these combinations always occur in the same whole-number proportions.

Therefore, the correct answer is a) indivisible atoms.

Dalton's atomic theory includes five postulates regarding atoms and their characteristics and behavior but none regarding electrons, neutrons, or atomic nuclei. Hence the correct answer is a) indivisible atoms.

Conclusion

Reason for false statements:

According to the first part of his theory, all matter is constructed from indivisible atoms, which are the fundamental building blocks of all matter