PRECALCULUS:GRAPHICAL,...-NASTA ED.
PRECALCULUS:GRAPHICAL,...-NASTA ED.
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780134672090
Author: Demana
Publisher: PEARSON
Expert Solution & Answer
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Chapter 10.1, Problem 59E
Solution

(a.)

If it is plausible that a fairly chosen group could be all republicans, or if there is a good reason to be suspicious.

It has been determined that while it is not fully impossible, it is nonetheless implausible that a fairly chosen group could be all republicans, and so there is a good reason to be suspicious.

Given:

The Republican Chairperson of a county legislature had to select 4 of the members to represent the city at a big event. To avoid the appearance of partisanship, she drew names from a hat. When all 4 turned out to be Republicans, the Democrats cried foul. They pointed out that the legislature had 7 democrats and 10 republicans and suggested that the choice might have been rigged somehow.

Concept used:

The drawing of names from a hat are not independent events. The subsequent drawing depends on the names already drawn.

Calculation:

It is given that the legislature had 7 democrats and 10 republicans.

So, the hat had the names of 7 democrats and 10 republicans.

At this point of time, the hat has the names of 10 republicans and has 10+7=17 names in total.

Now, the probability that the first name drawn is of a republican is 1017 .

At this point of time, the hat has the names of 10−1=9 republicans and has 17−1=16 names in total.

Now, the probability that the second name drawn is also a republican given that the first name drawn is of a republican is 1017×916 .

At this point of time, the hat has the names of 9−1=8 republicans and has 16−1=15 names in total.

Now, the probability that the third name drawn is also a republican given that the first two names drawn are of republicans is 1017×916×815 .

At this point of time, the hat has the names of 8−1=7 republicans and has 15−1=14 names in total.

Now, the probability that the fourth name drawn is also a republican given that the first three names drawn are of republicans is 1017×916×815×714 .

Solving, the probability that the fourth name drawn is also a republican given that the first three names drawn are of republicans is approximately 8.82% .

This implies that while it is not fully impossible, it is nonetheless implausible that a fairly chosen group could be all republicans, and so there is a good reason to be suspicious.

Conclusion:

It has been determined that while it is not fully impossible, it is nonetheless implausible that a fairly chosen group could be all republicans, and so there is a good reason to be suspicious.

(b.)

The assumption, which the previous calculations have been based on and why that assumption may or may not be warranted.

It has been determined that the assumption, which the previous calculations have been based on is that the drawing of each name is equally likely. That is, the probability of drawing each name is equal.

It has been determined that, this assumption may be invalid because according to the calculations based on this assumption, the occurred event is not plausible.

Given:

The Republican Chairperson of a county legislature had to select 4 of the members to represent the city at a big event. To avoid the appearance of partisanship, she drew names from a hat. When all 4 turned out to be Republicans, the Democrats cried foul. They pointed out that the legislature had 7 democrats and 10 republicans and suggested that the choice might have been rigged somehow.

Concept used:

The drawing of names from a hat are not independent events. The subsequent drawing depends on the names already drawn.

Calculation:

As determined previously, the probability that the fourth name drawn is also a republican given that the first three names drawn are of republicans is approximately 8.82% .

So, while it is not fully impossible, it is nonetheless implausible that a fairly chosen group could be all republicans, and so there is a good reason to be suspicious.

The assumption, which the previous calculations have been based on is that the drawing of each name is equally likely. That is, the probability of drawing each name is equal.

Now, this assumption may be invalid because according to the calculations based on this assumption, the occurred event is not plausible.

Conclusion:

It has been determined that the assumption, which the previous calculations have been based on is that the drawing of each name is equally likely. That is, the probability of drawing each name is equal.

It has been determined that, this assumption may be invalid because according to the calculations based on this assumption, the occurred event is not plausible.

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Chapter 10.1, Problem 58E
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Chapter 10.1, Problem 60E

Chapter 10 Solutions

PRECALCULUS:GRAPHICAL,...-NASTA ED.

Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 7QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 8QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 9QRCh. 10.1 - Prob. 10QR
Ch. 10.1 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 2ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 8ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 9ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 10ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 14ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 16ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 18ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 19ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 20ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 22ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 23ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 24ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 26ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 27ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 29ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 30ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 31ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 32ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 38ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 39ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 40ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 43ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 44ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 45ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 47ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 49ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 50ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 51ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 52ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 53ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 54ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 55ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 56ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 57ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 58ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 59ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 60ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 61ECh. 10.1 - Prob. 62ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 1QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 7QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 8QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 9QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 10QRCh. 10.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 10ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 26ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 27ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 29ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 30ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 31ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 32ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 38ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 39ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 40ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 43ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 44ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 45ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 47ECh. 10.2 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 1QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 7QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 8QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 9QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 10QRCh. 10.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 14ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 16ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 18ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 19ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 20ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 22ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 23ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 24ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 26ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 27ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 29ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 30ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 31ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 32ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 38ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 39ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 43ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 44ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 45ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 47ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 49ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 50ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 51ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 52ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 53ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 54ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 55ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 56ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 57ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 58ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 59ECh. 10.3 - Prob. 60ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 1QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 7QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 8QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 9QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 10QRCh. 10.4 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 2ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 8ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 9ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 10ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 14ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 16ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 18ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 19ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 20ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 22ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 23ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 24ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 10.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 1QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 2QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 3QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 4QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 5QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 6QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 7QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 8QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 9QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 10QRCh. 10.5 - Prob. 1ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 2ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 7ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 8ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 9ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 10ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 11ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 12ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 13ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 14ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 15ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 16ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 17ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 18ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 19ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 20ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 21ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 22ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 23ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 24ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 25ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 26ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 27ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 28ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 29ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 30ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 31ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 32ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 33ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 34ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 35ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 36ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 37ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 38ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 39ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 40ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 41ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 42ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 43ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 44ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 45ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 46ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 47ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 48ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 49ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 50ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 51ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 52ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 55ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 56ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 59ECh. 10.5 - Prob. 60ECh. 10 - Prob. 1RECh. 10 - Prob. 2RECh. 10 - Prob. 3RECh. 10 - Prob. 4RECh. 10 - Prob. 5RECh. 10 - Prob. 6RECh. 10 - Prob. 7RECh. 10 - Prob. 8RECh. 10 - Prob. 9RECh. 10 - Prob. 10RECh. 10 - Prob. 11RECh. 10 - Prob. 12RECh. 10 - Prob. 13RECh. 10 - Prob. 14RECh. 10 - Prob. 15RECh. 10 - Prob. 16RECh. 10 - Prob. 17RECh. 10 - Prob. 18RECh. 10 - Prob. 19RECh. 10 - Prob. 20RECh. 10 - Prob. 21RECh. 10 - Prob. 22RECh. 10 - Prob. 23RECh. 10 - Prob. 24RECh. 10 - Prob. 25RECh. 10 - Prob. 26RECh. 10 - Prob. 27RECh. 10 - Prob. 28RECh. 10 - Prob. 29RECh. 10 - Prob. 30RECh. 10 - Prob. 31RECh. 10 - Prob. 32RECh. 10 - Prob. 33RECh. 10 - Prob. 34RECh. 10 - Prob. 35RECh. 10 - Prob. 36RECh. 10 - Prob. 37RECh. 10 - Prob. 38RECh. 10 - Prob. 39RECh. 10 - Prob. 40RECh. 10 - Prob. 41RECh. 10 - Prob. 42RECh. 10 - Prob. 43RECh. 10 - Prob. 44RECh. 10 - Prob. 45RECh. 10 - Prob. 46RECh. 10 - Prob. 47RECh. 10 - Prob. 48RECh. 10 - Prob. 49RECh. 10 - Prob. 50RECh. 10 - Prob. 51RECh. 10 - Prob. 52RECh. 10 - Prob. 53RECh. 10 - Prob. 54RECh. 10 - Prob. 55RECh. 10 - Prob. 56RECh. 10 - Prob. 57RECh. 10 - Prob. 58RECh. 10 - Prob. 59RECh. 10 - Prob. 60RECh. 10 - Prob. 61RECh. 10 - Prob. 62RECh. 10 - Prob. 63RECh. 10 - Prob. 64RECh. 10 - Prob. 65RECh. 10 - Prob. 66RECh. 10 - Prob. 67RECh. 10 - Prob. 68RECh. 10 - Prob. 69RECh. 10 - Prob. 70RECh. 10 - Prob. 71RECh. 10 - Prob. 72RE
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